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The primary and secondary outcomes were the incidence of all\u2010cause dementia and type\u2010specific dementia, respectively. Cox regression models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs, 95% CIs).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>During a median follow\u2010up of 3.9 (interquartile ranges, 1.8\u20137.1) years, 9435 (7%) subjects developed incident dementia. After multivariable adjustments, including eGFR, an ACR level of 30\u2013299 and \u2265300\u00a0mg\/g was associated with a 25% (HR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.19\u20131.31) and a 37% (HR, 1.37; 95% CI, 1.23\u20131.51) higher risk of developing all\u2010cause dementia, respectively, compared to an ACR level of &lt;30\u00a0mg\/g. Higher ACR levels were also associated with an increased risk of mixed, vascular, and unspecified dementia, but not with Alzheimer's disease. These findings were robust in subjects with at least one dipstick proteinuria test.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Increased albuminuria is associated with a higher risk of all\u2010cause dementia, particularly mixed, vascular, and unspecified dementia, independent of baseline eGFR and generalizable across different clinical pathways of albuminuria testing.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/joim.70022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,23]],"date-time":"2025-09-23T09:05:28Z","timestamp":1758618328000},"page":"489-503","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Albuminuria is associated with increased risk of dementia, independent of eGFR: The SCREAM project"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"298","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7855-4669","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Li","family":"Luo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology University Medical Center Groningen University of Groningen  Groningen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ron T.","family":"Gansevoort","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology University Medical Center Groningen University of Groningen  Groningen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lyanne M.","family":"Kieneker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology University Medical Center Groningen University of Groningen  Groningen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuanhang","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Karolinska Institutet  Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2806-0393","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessandro","family":"Bosi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Environmental Medicine Karolinska Institutet  Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rudolf A.","family":"de Boer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Erasmus MC Thorax Center Department of Cardiology Cardiovascular Institute  Rotterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Casper F. 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