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However, the underlying neuropathological substrates remain poorly characterized. This narrative review aims to summarize evidence on the association between common age\u2010related somatic conditions (i.e., heart diseases, type 2 diabetes, kidney disease, liver diseases, lung disease, and anemia) and neuropathological findings, encompassing both Alzheimer's disease (AD)\u2010related pathology (amyloid and tau deposition) and non\u2010AD co\u2010pathologies (i.e., neuronal loss, neuroinflammation, cerebrovascular lesions, and non\u2010AD proteinopathies). We conducted a PubMed search for human studies examining these associations using postmortem data, brain imaging, or cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers. Evidence was qualitatively synthesized and graded according to its strength. Strong and consistent associations were observed between most examined somatic diseases and global neuronal loss or brain atrophy, as well as cerebrovascular lesions. 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