{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T09:39:55Z","timestamp":1780393195071,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,16]],"date-time":"2015-06-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1434412800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"NIH\/NINDS","award":["1K23NS062892"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1K23NS062892"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Neuroimaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE<\/jats:title><jats:p>Neuromuscular ultrasound of the cranial nerves is an emerging field which may help in the assessment of cranial neuropathies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of neuromuscular ultrasound in Bell's palsy. A second objective was to assess the possibility of any associated vagus nerve abnormality.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty healthy controls and 12 Bell's palsy patients were recruited. The bilateral facial nerves, vagus nerves, and frontalis muscles were scanned using an 18 MHz linear array transducer. Facial nerve diameter, vagus nerve cross\u2010sectional area, and frontalis thickness were measured.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mean facial nerve diameter was .8 \u00b1 .2 mm in controls and 1.1 \u00b1 .3 mm in patients group. The facial nerve diameter was significantly larger in patients than controls (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .006, 95% CI for the difference between groups of .12\u2010.48), with a significant side\u2010to\u2010side difference in patients as well (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = .004, 95% CI for side\u2010to\u2010side difference of .08\u2010.52). ROC curve analysis of the absolute facial nerve diameter revealed a sensitivity of 75% and a specificity of 70%. No significant differences in vagus nerve cross\u2010sectional area or frontalis thickness were detected between patients and controls.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ultrasound can detect facial nerve enlargement in Bell's palsy and may have a role in assessment, or follow\u2010up, of Bell's palsy and other facial nerve disorders. The low sensitivity of the current technique precludes its routine use for diagnosis, however, this study demonstrates its validity and potential for future research.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jon.12269","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,16]],"date-time":"2015-06-16T09:17:00Z","timestamp":1434446220000},"page":"564-570","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["A Pilot Study of Diagnostic Neuromuscular Ultrasound in Bell's Palsy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Eman A.","family":"Tawfik","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine &amp; Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine Ain Shams University  Cairo Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francis O.","family":"Walker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Wake Forest School of Medicine Medical Center Boulevard  Winston\u2010Salem NC"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael S.","family":"Cartwright","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Wake Forest School of Medicine Medical Center Boulevard  Winston\u2010Salem NC"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3988\/jcn.2015.11.2.109"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2010.02950.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348947708600416"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1976.00780100048003"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1977.00780280041004"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.164.21.2383"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/019459988509300202"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1972.00770080529008"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3349\/ymj.2007.48.6.963"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","first-page":"491","article-title":"T2\u2010weighted three\u2010dimensional fast spin\u2010echo MR in inflammatory peripheral facial nerve palsy","volume":"19","author":"Sartoretti\u2010Schefer S","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.24154"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.23621"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.22035"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.23625"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neuroimaging"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fjon.12269","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fjon.12269","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jon.12269","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,5]],"date-time":"2023-10-05T04:53:52Z","timestamp":1696481632000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jon.12269"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,16]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jon.12269"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jon.12269","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1051-2284","1552-6569"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1051-2284","type":"print"},{"value":"1552-6569","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,16]]}}}