{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T22:50:08Z","timestamp":1784069408195,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":87,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,25]],"date-time":"2017-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1506297600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Neuroimaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cerebral arteries may exhibit a wide range of variation from normal anatomy, which can be incidentally discovered during imaging. Knowledge of such variants is crucial to differentiate them from pathologies, to understand the etiology of certain pathologies directly related to a vascular variant, and to depict the changes in collateral circulation in patients with certain variants. Detection of particular variants may lead to the discovery of other nonvascular or vascular anomalies, especially aneurysms, and may also affect planning of endovascular or neurosurgical interventions. In this review, we summarize the variants and anomalies of cerebral arteries seen on cross\u2010sectional imaging classified by a morphological approach and categorize their significance from a clinical perspective. This structured review is intended to serve as a guide for daily use in clinical practice.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jon.12475","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,25]],"date-time":"2017-09-25T13:50:48Z","timestamp":1506347448000},"page":"14-35","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Anomalies and Normal Variants of the Cerebral Arterial Supply: A Comprehensive Pictorial Review with a Proposed Workflow for Classification and Significance"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9431-1069","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arsany","family":"Hakim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology Bern University Hospital, Inselspital, University of Bern  Bern Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Gralla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology Bern University Hospital, Inselspital, University of Bern  Bern Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christoph","family":"Rozeik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiology Department L\u00f6rrach District Hospital  L\u00f6rrach Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pasquale","family":"Mordasini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology Bern University Hospital, Inselspital, University of Bern  Bern Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lars","family":"Leidolt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology Bern University Hospital, Inselspital, University of Bern  Bern Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eike","family":"Piechowiak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology Bern University Hospital, Inselspital, University of Bern  Bern Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christoph","family":"Ozdoba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology Bern University Hospital, Inselspital, University of Bern  Bern Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marwan","family":"El\u2010Koussy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology Bern University Hospital, Inselspital, University of Bern  Bern Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006123-199603000-00001"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-001-1286-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A2360","article-title":"Management of anterior inferior cerebellar artery aneurysms: endovascular treatment and clinical outcome","volume":"32","author":"Suh SH","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-61779-946-4_1","volume-title":"Handbook of Cerebrovascular Disease and Neurointerventional Techniques","author":"Harrigan MR","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","first-page":"479","volume-title":"Surgical Neuroangiography","author":"Lasjaunias P.","year":"2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/105937"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00276-013-1085-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00276-012-1005-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","first-page":"387","volume-title":"Surgical Neuroangiography","author":"Lasjaunias P.","year":"2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00276-014-1272-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuchi.2013.08.005","article-title":"Bilateral ophthalmic origin of the middle meningeal artery","volume":"59","author":"Plas B","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurochirugie"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","first-page":"45","article-title":"Variations of the ophthalmic and middle meningeal arteries: relation to the embryonic stapedial artery","volume":"1","author":"Dilenge D","year":"1980","journal-title":"Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","first-page":"929","article-title":"Case report agenesis of the internal carotid artery associated with aortic arch anomaly in a patient with congenital Horner's syndrome","volume":"23","author":"Dinc H","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","first-page":"1953","article-title":"Congenital absence of the internal carotid artery: case reports and review of the collateral circulation","volume":"22","author":"Given CA","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","unstructured":"ShapiroM.Anterior choroidal artery. In: neuroangio.org. Available at:http:\/\/neuroangio.org\/anatomy-and-variants\/anterior-choroidal-artery\/. Accessed February 2 2017."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s007010050256"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","first-page":"297","article-title":"Arteries of the human thalamus. I. Artery and polar thalamic territory of the posterior communicating artery","volume":"132","author":"Percheron G.","year":"1976","journal-title":"Rev Neurol (Paris)"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_1","first-page":"7","article-title":"Bilateral thalamic infarcts due to occlusion of the artery of Percheron and discussion of the differential diagnosis of bilateral thalamic lesions","volume":"7","author":"Rodriguez EG","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Radiol Case Rep"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-012-1548-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0883073808322672"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(62)90281-7","article-title":"The pathology of ruptured middle\u2010cerebral aneurysms with special reference to the differences between the sexs","volume":"280","author":"Crompton MR.","year":"1962","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.118.3.567"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_24_1","first-page":"563","article-title":"Accessory middle cerebral artery: is it a variant form of the recurrent artery of Heubner?","volume":"10","author":"Takahashi S","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.294085730"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_26_1","first-page":"425","article-title":"Double origin of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery","volume":"25","author":"Lesley WS","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-68320-9","volume-title":"Surgical Neuroangiography","author":"Lasjaunias P.","year":"2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.5115\/acb.2011.44.2.164","article-title":"Bilateral origin of superior cerebellar arteries from the posterior cerebral arteries, and clues to its embryologic basis","volume":"44","author":"Ayd\u0131n ME","year":"2011","journal-title":"Anat Cell Biol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_29_1","first-page":"45","article-title":"Middle cerebral artery variations: duplicated and accessory arteries","volume":"19","author":"Komiyama M","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_30_1","unstructured":"ShapiroM.Anterior cerebral artery. In: neuroangio.org. Available at:http:\/\/neuroangio.org\/anatomy-and-variants\/anterior-cerebral-artery\/. Accessed: February 17 2017."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006123-200210001-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1984.61.3.0458"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_33_1","first-page":"1841","article-title":"Internal carotid artery narrowing in children with retropharyngeal lymphadenitis and abscess","volume":"19","author":"Hudgins PA","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.113.004188"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_35_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"The clinical relevance of vertebral artery hypoplasia","volume":"21","author":"Chuang YM","year":"2012","journal-title":"Acta Neurol Taiwan"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.permed.2012.02.063"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000351786"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1754-9485.2012.02447.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1007\/s11604-008-0313-0","article-title":"Incidence of unilateral distal vertebral artery aplasia: evaluation by combining basiparallel anatomic scanning\u2010magnetic resonance imaging (BPAS\u2010MRI) and magnetic resonance angiography","volume":"27","author":"Morimoto K","year":"2009","journal-title":"Jpn J Radiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-007-1118-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_41_1","first-page":"233","article-title":"Saccular aneurysms in basilar artery fenestration","volume":"8","author":"Campos J","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00276-012-0958-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_43_1","volume-title":"Diagnostic Imaging Head and Neck","author":"Bronwyn H.","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1590\/S0004-282X2007000200034","article-title":"Intracranial intrasellar kissing carotid arteries case report","volume":"65","author":"Pereira Filho Ade A","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arq Neuropsiquiatr"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_45_1","unstructured":"OsbornA.Anterior cerebral artery. Diagnostic imaging: brain. 2017. Available from:https:\/\/my.statdx.com\/Accessed: February 4 2017."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.1007\/s00276-016-1651-8","article-title":"Infraoptic anterior cerebral artery: case series report and literature review","volume":"38","author":"Kim MS","year":"2016","journal-title":"Surg Radiol Anat"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1177\/159101990601200210","article-title":"Bilateral infraoptic origin of anterior cerebral arteries: a rare anomaly and its embryological and clinical significance","volume":"12","author":"Chakraborty S","year":"2006","journal-title":"Interv Neuroradiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00276-010-0743-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2202991498"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.4103\/2152-7806.101798","article-title":"Anatomical features and clinical relevance of a persistent trigeminal artery","volume":"3","author":"Alcal\u00e1\u2010Cerra G","year":"2012","journal-title":"Surg Neurol Int"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006123-199809000-00082"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00276-012-1017-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiographics.5.6.3880011"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00234-012-1034-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-68320-9","volume-title":"Surgical Neuroangiography","author":"Lasjaunias P.","year":"2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000356347"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2176\/nmc.46.194"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00062-010-0038-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0025727300027095"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.2014.7"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000071115"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.30.7.1432"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A1500"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5853\/jos.2015.17.2.144"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2006.105767"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000099160"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.4103\/0976-3147.168438","article-title":"A case of anterior cerebral artery A1 segment hypoplasia syndrome presenting with right lower limb monoplegia, abulia, and urinary incontinence","volume":"7","author":"Lakhotia M","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Neurosci Rural Pr"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2008.02.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A2044"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_70_1","volume-title":"Neurovascular Anatomy In Interventional Neuroradiology a Case\u2010Based Approach","author":"Krings T","year":"2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1177\/159101990200800103","article-title":"Vascular anomalies and the risk of multiple aneurysms development and bleeding","volume":"8","author":"Mazighi M","year":"2002","journal-title":"Interv Neuroradiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnis.2010.004358"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-012-1587-7","article-title":"Cerebral arterial fenestrations: a common phenomenon in unexplained subarachnoid haemorrhage","volume":"155","author":"Hud\u00e1k I","year":"2013","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00234-006-0110-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_75_1","unstructured":"GailloudP AlbayramS BeauchampNJ et\u00a0al.Persistent dorsal ophthalmic arteries: angiographic appearance and association with cavernous aneurysms. In: members.asnr.org. available at:http:\/\/members.asnr.org\/abstracts\/2001\/01-O-866-ASNR.pdf. Accessed: February 4 2017."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1177\/159101990901500206","article-title":"Case of aneurysm on a persistent hypoglossal artery treated by endovascular coiling","volume":"15","author":"Blasi R Medicamento N","year":"2009","journal-title":"Interv Neuroradiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_77_1","first-page":"1166","article-title":"Aneurysm at a duplication of the middle cerebral artery","volume":"15","author":"Takahashi T","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.2176\/nmc.35.671","article-title":"Ruptured aneurysm at the origin of duplication of the middle cerebral artery\u2013case report","volume":"35","author":"Koyama S","year":"1995","journal-title":"Neurol Med Chir"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1177\/159101990000600205","article-title":"Segmental identity and vulnerability in cerebral arteries","volume":"30","author":"Lasjaunias P.","year":"2000","journal-title":"Interv Neuroradiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.170.1.9423632"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000001284"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01411192","article-title":"Aneurysm of distal anterior cerebral artery associated with azygos anterior cerebral artery","volume":"59","author":"Fujimoto K","year":"1981","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-198709000-00002"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1590\/0004-2730000003363","article-title":"Persistence of intrasellar trigeminal artery and simultaneous pituitary adenoma: description of two cases and their importance for the differential diagnosis of sellar lesions","volume":"58","author":"Machado MC","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arq Bras Endocrinol Metabol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0071007"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(99)00006-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1007\/s00547-004-1016-8","article-title":"Congenital Horner's syndrome associated with unilateral agenesis of the internal carotid artery and unusual aortic arch anomaly","volume":"12","author":"\u00d6zdemir H","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int J Angiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002340050353"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neuroimaging"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fjon.12475","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jon.12475","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,29]],"date-time":"2023-09-29T12:14:55Z","timestamp":1695989695000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jon.12475"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,25]]},"references-count":87,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jon.12475"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jon.12475","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1051-2284","1552-6569"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1051-2284","type":"print"},{"value":"1552-6569","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,25]]}}}