{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]],"date-time":"2025-10-27T10:14:19Z","timestamp":1761560059264,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,17]],"date-time":"2020-12-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1608163200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Neuroimaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE<\/jats:title><jats:p>Leptomeningeal metastases (LMs) carry a poor prognosis. Existing LM scoring systems show limited reproducibility. We assessed the contribution of education level on the reproducibility of LM scoring using structured planning and implementation\u00a0of new experiments (SPINE), a novel web\u2010based platform.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Stringent radiological definitions of LM and a customized interactive scoring system were implemented in SPINE. Five patients with brain LM and 3 patients with spine, but no brain LM, were selected. Each patient's baseline post\u2010contrast T1\u2010weighted brain MRI was analyzed by three attending neuroradiologists, two neuroradiology fellows, and two radiology residents. Raters identified and characterized all LMs based on: (1) location (cerebrum, cerebellum, brainstem, ventricle, and\/or cranial nerves); (2) shape (nodular and\/or linear\/curvilinear); (3) size (\u2265 or &lt;5mm in two orthogonal diameters); (4) spatial extension (focal or diffuse). Inter\u2010rater agreement and association of LM with patient survival were investigated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>On average, 6.5 LMs per case were detected. Forty\u2010nine percent of LMs were cerebral, 77.7% were nodular, 86.6% were focal, and 66% were &lt;5 \u00d7 5 mm. Agreement on the total number of LMs and the above\u2010mentioned common LM characteristics was higher between attendings (intra\u2010class correlation [ICC] = 0.8\u20100.94) than fellows (ICC = 0.6\u20100.82) or residents (ICC = 0.43\u20100.73). Agreement on ventricular, cranial nerve, and nodular + linear LM was low even between attendings. The number of brainstem LMs showed significant correlation with survival.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title><jats:p>Structured education using SPINE may improve consistency in LM reporting. Future work should address the impact of the presented approach on the reproducibility of longitudinal analyses directly relevant to the assessment of treatment\u2010response.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jon.12820","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,18]],"date-time":"2020-12-18T13:49:07Z","timestamp":1608299347000},"page":"324-333","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Identification and Characterization of Leptomeningeal Metastases Using SPINE, A Web\u2010Based Collaborative Platform"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Madhvi","family":"Deol","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School  Boston MA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0268-6977","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miklos","family":"Palotai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Neurological Imaging, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School  Boston MA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alfredo Morales","family":"Pinzon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Neurological Imaging, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School  Boston MA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrzej","family":"Marciniak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Neurological Imaging, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School  Boston MA 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School  Boston MA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthew N.","family":"Desalvo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School  Boston MA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiao Tian","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School  Boston MA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aaron","family":"Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School  Boston MA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ngoc\u2010Anh","family":"Tran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School  Boston MA 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