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Therefore, early identification of MCI could allow for interventions to help delay the progression of this devastating disease. Our objective in this study was to detect the early presence of MCI in elderly patients via neuroimaging and dual\u2010task performance.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Brain MRI scans from 21 older adult volunteers, including cognitively healthy adults (HA, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 9, age = 68\u201079 years) and mild cognitively impaired (MCI, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 12, age = 66\u201092 years) were analyzed using automatic segmentation techniques. Regional volume, surface area, and thickness measures were correlated with simultaneous performance of motor and cognitive tasks (dual\u2010task) within a novel upper\u2010extremity function (UEF) test, using multivariate analysis of variance models.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We found significant associations of dual\u2010task performance with volume of five cortical brain regions (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0\u2264\u00a0.048) and thickness of 13 regions (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0\u2264\u00a0.043) within the frontal, temporal, and parietal lobes. There was a significant interaction effect of cognitive group on dual\u2010task score for the inferior temporal gyrus volume (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0\u2264\u00a0.034), and the inferior parietal lobule, inferior temporal gyrus, and middle temporal gyrus average thickness (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0\u2264\u00a0.037).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study highlighted the potential of dual\u2010tasking and MRI morphometric changes as a simple and accurate tool for early detection of cognitive impairment among community\u2010dwelling older adults. The strong interaction effects of cognitive group on UEF dual\u2010task score suggest higher association between atrophy of these brain structures and compromised dual\u2010task performance among the MCI group.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jon.12845","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,30]],"date-time":"2021-03-30T09:10:47Z","timestamp":1617095447000},"page":"588-601","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Dual\u2010task performance is associated with brain MRI Morphometry in individuals with mild cognitive impairment"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7809-9504","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carissa","family":"Grijalva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Arizona  Tucson AZ"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nima","family":"Toosizadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Arizona  Tucson AZ"},{"name":"Arizona Center on Aging Department of Medicine College of Medicine University of Arizona  Tucson AZ"},{"name":"Division of Geriatrics General Internal Medicine and Palliative Medicine Department of Medicine University of Arizona  Tucson AZ"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jacob","family":"Sindorf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Arizona  Tucson AZ"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ying\u2010hui","family":"Chou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of Arizona  Tucson AZ"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kaveh","family":"Laksari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Arizona  Tucson AZ"},{"name":"Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering University of Arizona  Tucson AZ"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","unstructured":"Cognitive Impairment: A Call for Action Now!U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 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