{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T00:17:51Z","timestamp":1790036271283,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,30]],"date-time":"2021-04-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619740800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Neuroimaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background And Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>Area postrema (AP) is a highly vascularized paired 2 mm\u2010long anatomical structure, localized on the dorsal inferior surface of the medulla oblongata, at the caudal end of the fourth\u2010ventricle. AP is principally affected in AP syndrome, which is commonly associated with autoimmune inflammatory diseases, including essentially neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD). The aim of this study is to assess the best cerebral MRI sequences and planes for AP detection in order to assist or aid in the diagnosis of difficult NMOSD cases.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>3DT1, 2DT2, 3D\u2010fluid\u2010attenuated inversion recovery (3DFLAIR), and 3D\u2010double inversion recuperation (3DDIR), routinely used in inflammatory diseases, were analyzed and scored based on quality (0\u20132), and ability to detect AP in each plane (0 = no detection, 1 = probable detection, 2 = obvious detection). Based on image availability, subjects were divided into three groups: Group\u20101, including 100 randomly selected subjects with 3DT1 and 3DFLAIR, Group\u20102, including 30 multiple sclerosis (MS) patients from the \u201cObservatoire Fran\u00e7ais de la Scl\u00e9rose En Plaques\u201d (OFSEP) with 3DT1, 3DFLAIR, and 3DDIR, and Group\u20103, including 164 OFSEP MS patients with 3DFLAIR and 2DT2.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>AP was undetectable on 3DT1 and 2DT2. AP was detected in 87% of 3DFLAIR in Group\u20101, 90% in Group\u20102, and 90% in Group\u20103. AP was also detected in 100% of 3DDIR images in the axial plane.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>As evidenced, AP was easily assessed on 3DDIR and 3DFLAIR emphasizing the importance of adding these sequences to NMOSD MRI\u2010protocols. Moreover, the most effective imaging plane in identifying AP was the axial plane.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jon.12867","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,30]],"date-time":"2021-04-30T17:34:20Z","timestamp":1619804060000},"page":"701-705","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["MRI to detect and localize the area postrema in multiple sclerosis: The role of 3D\u2010DIR and 3D\u2010FLAIR"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8310-6086","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valentine","family":"Farges","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University  Lyon 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