{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T15:11:48Z","timestamp":1771254708688,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,6]],"date-time":"2021-05-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1620259200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,6]],"date-time":"2021-05-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1620259200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Neuroimaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Background and Purpose<\/jats:title>\n Glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies (GAD\u2010Ab) are sometimes associated with chronic drug\u2010resistant focal epilepsy. Clinically, it may manifest as mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE), with GAD\u2010Ab patients difficult to distinguish. Therefore, the aim of this study is to compare brain metabolism of patients with mTLE and high serum titers of GAD\u2010Ab (>2000 UI\/ml) to those with mTLE and hippocampal sclerosis (HS) and confirmed GAD\u2010ab negativity.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n Images from PET studies were normalized to an SPM 12 template. Voxel to voxel comparisons were made using a two\u2010sample one\u2010tailed\n t<\/jats:italic>\n \u2010test.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n In both patients with GAD\u2010Ab and controls (mTLE\u2010HS), hypometabolism in mesial temporal lobe areas was observed. When comparing the two groups, GAD\u2010Ab patients had statistically significant reduced metabolism in both insulae and medial inferior frontal\u2010hypothalamus area (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.001).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n Hypometabolism in mesial temporal lobe areas together with hypometabolism in insulae and medial inferior frontal\u2010hypothalamus may be characteristic of patients with epilepsy and GAD\u2010ab. This PET pattern could be a useful diagnostic tool to identify GAD\u2010Ab patients.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jon.12874","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,6]],"date-time":"2021-05-06T17:36:05Z","timestamp":1620322565000},"page":"869-873","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Brain FDG\u2010PET findings in glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody\u2010associated epilepsy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0338-4797","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Neus","family":"Mongay\u2010Ochoa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Epilepsy Unit, Department of Neurology Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jacint","family":"Sala\u2010Padr\u00f3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epilepsy Unit, Department of Neurology Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gabriel","family":"Reyn\u00e9s\u2010Llompart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Physics Department, Institut Catal\u00e0 d'Oncolgia L'Hospitalet de Llobregat Barcelona Spain"},{"name":"PET Unit, Nuclear Medicine Department, IDI Hospital U. de Bellvitge\u2010IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Rodr\u00edguez\u2010Bel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PET Unit, Nuclear Medicine Department, IDI Hospital U. de Bellvitge\u2010IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S\u00f2nia","family":"Jaraba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epilepsy Unit, Department of Neurology Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francisco","family":"Morandeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory, Immunology Department Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Merc\u00e8","family":"Falip","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epilepsy Unit, Department of Neurology Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2011.03609.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2018.01143"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2018.09.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.01.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2016.5429"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2020-325011"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.16571"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/751510"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr.20170869","article-title":"Autoimmune epilepsy: findings on MRI and 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