{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T01:35:26Z","timestamp":1747186526248,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,24]],"date-time":"2022-11-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669248000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Neuroimaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>We aimed to identify reliable neuroradiological features of the brainstem reflecting the neurological symptoms of patients with chronic disorders of consciousness (DOCs) due to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We retrospectively examined 86 patients with chronic DOCs due to severe TBI caused by automobile accidents. We studied the relationships among (1) neurological symptoms, including consciousness level, (2) integrated cognitive\/physical condition, and (3) neuroradiological features of the brainstem (brainstem volume on MRI, fractional anisotropy [FA] value in the brainstem, and standardized uptake value [SUV] of 18F\u2010fluorodeoxyglucose [FDG] on positron emission tomography in the brainstem).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Brainstem volume was significantly larger and FA values were significantly higher in patients with a better level of consciousness. However, brainstem volumes were significantly decreased and the maximum SUV (SUV<jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub>) of FDG significantly increased at 2\u00a0years following admission regardless of the level of consciousness at admission. The brainstem volume was significantly larger and the FA value and SUV<jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub> of FDG were significantly higher in patients with better National Agency for Automotive Safety and Victims\u2019 Aid (NASVA) scores at admission. The decrease in the brainstem volume was significantly minimized and the SUV<jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub> of FDG significantly increased in patients with more improvement in the NASVA score 2\u00a0years after admission.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The volume, FA value, and SUV<jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub> of FDG of the brainstem are important neuroradiological features associated with the neurological conditions of patients with chronic DOCs due to severe TBI.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jon.13071","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,25]],"date-time":"2022-11-25T02:57:57Z","timestamp":1669345077000},"page":"310-317","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Brainstem volume, diffusion, and metabolism are associated with chronic consciousness disorders after traumatic brain injury"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1471-615X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shogo","family":"Sawamura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Brain Sciences Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine  Minokamo Japan"},{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Heisei College of Health Sciences  Gifu Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuka","family":"Ikegame","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chubu Medical Center for Prolonged Traumatic Brain Dysfunction Kizawa Memorial Hospital  Minokamo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tomohiro","family":"Kawasaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chubu Medical Center for Prolonged Traumatic Brain Dysfunction Kizawa Memorial Hospital  Minokamo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Noriyuki","family":"Nakayama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine  Gifu Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hirohito","family":"Yano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Brain Sciences Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine  Minokamo Japan"},{"name":"Chubu Medical Center for Prolonged Traumatic Brain Dysfunction Kizawa Memorial Hospital  Minokamo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Shinoda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Brain Sciences Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine  Minokamo Japan"},{"name":"Chubu Medical Center for Prolonged Traumatic Brain Dysfunction Kizawa Memorial Hospital  Minokamo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2020.102503"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci8080144"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2011.1829"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0079-6123(09)17707-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2018.6153"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02699052.2019.1667535"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Use of the national agency for automotive safety and victims\u2019 aid score original (NASVA score\u2010O) as an evaluative measure for patients in an unresponsive wakefulness state","volume":"7","author":"Takano E","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Neurorehabil"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2021.09.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","unstructured":"GiacinoJT.Coma Recovery Scale\u2014Revised \u00a92004 Administration and Scoring Guidelines Updated 2020 by: Bodien YG Chatelle C and Giacino JT.http:\/\/tbims.org\/combi\/crs\/CRS%20Syllabus.pdf. 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