{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T18:59:46Z","timestamp":1788980386635,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,10]],"date-time":"2023-01-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1673308800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Neuroimaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>We aimed to investigate the glymphatic system function in patients with occipital lobe epilepsy (OLE) and healthy controls using diffusion tensor image analysis along the perivascular space (DTI\u2010ALPS) index.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We retrospectively included 23 patients with OLE and 30 healthy controls. The participants underwent brain MRI, which was normal, and diffusion tensor imaging. We used the DSI Studio for data preprocessing, obtained the fiber orientation and diffusivities, and calculated the DTI\u2010ALPS index from the diffusivity values associated with the projection and association fibers in the left hemisphere.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>There were no differences in mean age (31.6 years [range: 13\u201058] vs. 31.3 years [range: 20\u201057], <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.912) and male sex ratio (10\/23 [43.5%] vs. 15\/30 [50.0%]) between the groups. Compared to healthy controls, the diffusivities in patients with OLE were higher along the <jats:italic>Y<\/jats:italic>\u2010axis in the projection fiber and along the <jats:italic>Z<\/jats:italic>\u2010axis in the association fiber and lower along the <jats:italic>Y<\/jats:italic>\u2010axis in the association fiber. The DTI\u2010ALPS index in patients with OLE was lower than that in the healthy controls (1.421\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.171\u00a0vs. 1.667\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.271, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.001, 95% confidence interval of difference\u00a0=\u00a00.117\u20100.376, Test statistic <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a03.823). We found no association between the DTI\u2010ALPS index and clinical characteristics in OLE.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The DTI\u2010ALPS index in patients with OLE was significantly lower than that in healthy controls, suggesting glymphatic system dysfunction in OLE. The DTI\u2010ALPS index could help assess the glymphatic system function in patients with epilepsy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jon.13083","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,11]],"date-time":"2023-01-11T02:53:21Z","timestamp":1673405601000},"page":"455-461","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Glymphatic system dysfunction in patients with occipital lobe epilepsy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Jinseung","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine, Busan Paik Hospital Inje University College of Medicine  Busan Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dong Ah","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Haeundae Paik Hospital Inje University College of Medicine  Busan Republic of 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