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This study assesses if quantitative brain stem and cerebellum metrics can aid in this differentiation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We retrospectively compared the sagittal midbrain area, midbrain to pons ratio, MR parkinsonism index (MRPI), and cerebellar atrophy in 30 PSP patients, 31 iNPH patients, 27 MSA\u2010P patients, 32 VaD patients, and 25 healthy controls. Statistical analyses determined group differences, sensitivity, specificity, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curves.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>There was an overlap in midbrain morphology between PSP and iNPH, as assessed with MRPI, midbrain to pons ratio, and midbrain area. A cutoff value of MRPI\u00a0&gt;\u00a013 exhibited 84% specificity in distinguishing PSP from iNPH and 100% in discriminating PSP from all other conditions. A cutoff value of midbrain to pons ratio at &lt;0.15 yielded 95% specificity for differentiating PSP from iNPH and 100% from all other conditions. A cutoff value of midbrain area at &lt;87\u00a0mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> exhibited 97% specificity for differentiating PSP from iNPH and 100% from all other conditions. All measures showed low sensitivity. Cerebellar atrophy did not differ significantly among groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our study questions MRPI's diagnostic performance in distinguishing PSP from iNPH. Simpler indices such as midbrain to pons ratio and midbrain area showed similar or better accuracy. However, all these indices displayed low sensitivity despite significant differences among PSP, MSA\u2010P, and VaD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jon.13204","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,27]],"date-time":"2024-04-27T05:24:54Z","timestamp":1714195494000},"page":"612-618","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Quantitative brain stem assessment in discriminating neurodegenerative disorders from normal pressure hydrocephalus"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8850-3742","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Charalampos","family":"Georgiopoulos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Clinical Sciences Lund University  Lund Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stergios","family":"Papadimitriou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical 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