{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T19:16:30Z","timestamp":1792178190867,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,22]],"date-time":"2024-08-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724284800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Neuroimaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>The 3\u2010dimensional cranial nerve imaging (CRANI) sequence may assist visualization of anatomical details of extraforaminal cranial nerves and aid in clinical diagnosis and preoperative planning. In this study, we investigated the feasibility of using a combined CRANI and magnetization\u2010prepared rapid\u2010acquisition gradient\u2010echo (MPRAGE) imaging protocol to comprehensively identify trigeminal nerve projections.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>We evaluated the detection of distal regions of three branches of the ophthalmic nerve (V1), three branches of the maxillary nerve (V2), and five branches of the mandibular nerve (V3) in seven healthy adult subjects, with and without contrast injection. Nerve branches were rated on a 5\u2010point scale by three observers. Interobserver reliability was studied using weighted kappa statistics and percentage agreement.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Among V1 and V2 branches, the frontal nerve and infraorbital nerve were most successfully identified (average rating of 3.9, agreement &gt;80%) in precontrast MPRAGE images. In V3 branches, lingual and inferior alveolar nerves were most successfully identified (average rating of 3.9, agreement &gt;80%) in precontrast CRANI images, with an excellent average rating. In all cases except one, interobserver reliability was rated good to excellent. The buccal nerve was the only branch with a low average interobserver rating. Gadolinium contrast did not improve nerve segment visualization in our study. This may relate to the specific anatomic regions assessed, gadolinium dose, postcontrast image timing, and lack of pathology.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>A combined CRANI and MPRAGE protocol can be combined to visualize distal branches of V1, V2, and V3 and has potential for clinical use.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jon.13230","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,23]],"date-time":"2024-08-23T04:30:44Z","timestamp":1724387444000},"page":"595-602","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Contrast\u2010free visualization of distal trigeminal nerve segments using MR neurography"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Sulagna","family":"Sahu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biological and Health System Engineering Arizona State University Tempe Arizona USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dane","family":"Hellwig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroradiology Barrow Neurological Institute Phoenix Arizona USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zachary","family":"Morrison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center Phoenix Arizona USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeremy","family":"Hughes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroradiology Barrow Neurological Institute Phoenix Arizona USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9789-2129","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rosalind J.","family":"Sadleir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biological and Health System Engineering Arizona State University Tempe Arizona USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crad.2012.05.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/124.12.2347"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","first-page":"22","article-title":"Perineural spread in head and neck malignancies: imaging findings\u2014an updated literature review","volume":"22","author":"Medvedev O","year":"2022","journal-title":"Bosn J Basic Med Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A5438"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nec.2016.02.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers13246335"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.182.3.1535892"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nic.2013.03.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A5743"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.21009"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A6904"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A4288"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-68501-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1874434601711010211"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.21089"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr.20200798"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-022-09269-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mric.2017.08.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/neuros\/nyy229"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","unstructured":"SahuS ChauhanM Helms TilleryS et\u00a0al.Tractography of the trigeminal nerve outside the brain. 27th Annual Meeting and Exhibition of the International Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine; May 2019; Montreal Canada."}],"container-title":["Journal of Neuroimaging"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jon.13230","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,19]],"date-time":"2024-11-19T11:52:00Z","timestamp":1732017120000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jon.13230"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,22]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jon.13230"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jon.13230","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1051-2284","1552-6569"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1051-2284","type":"print"},{"value":"1552-6569","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-07-02","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-08-09","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-08-22","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}