{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T20:01:33Z","timestamp":1778011293374,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,5]],"date-time":"2024-12-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733356800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,5]],"date-time":"2024-12-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733356800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Neuroimaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Differentiation between functioning and nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas\/pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PAs) is clinically relevant. The goal of this study was to determine the feasibility of using time\u2010dependent diffusion MRI (dMRI) for microstructural characterization of PAs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The study included 54 participants, 24 with functioning PA and 30 with nonfunctioning PA. Time\u2010dependent dMRI of the pituitary gland was performed using an inner field\u2010of\u2010view echo\u2010planar imaging based on 2\u2010dimensional\u2010selective radiofrequency excitations with oscillating gradient and pulsed gradient preparation (effective diffusion time: 7.1 and 36.3\u00a0ms) at\n                      <jats:italic>b<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010values of 0 and 1000\u00a0seconds\/mm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      . Each tumor had its apparent diffusion coefficients (ADCs) measured at two diffusion times (ADC\n                      <jats:sub>7.1\u00a0ms<\/jats:sub>\n                      and ADC\n                      <jats:sub>36.3\u00a0ms<\/jats:sub>\n                      ), its ADC change (cADC), and relative ADC change. The mean values of diffusion parameters were compared between functioning and nonfunctioning PAs. We compared the diffusion parameters of nonfunctioning PAs with those of each type of hormone\u2010producing PAs. The diagnostic performances of the diffusion parameters were assessed.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The cADC was significantly higher in functioning PAs than nonfunctioning PAs (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0.0124). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis revealed that cADC (area under the ROC curve [AUC]\u00a0=\u00a0.677,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0.017) is effective in distinguishing between functioning and nonfunctioning PAs. The cADC was significantly higher in growth hormone (GH)\u2010producing PAs compared to nonfunctioning PAs (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0.006). The ROC curve analysis indicated that cADC (AUC\u00a0=\u00a0.771,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a0.001) effectively distinguishes between GH\u2010producing and nonfunctioning PAs.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The cADC derived from time\u2010dependent dMRI could distinguish between functioning and nonfunctioning PAs, particularly those producing GH.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jon.13254","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,5]],"date-time":"2024-12-05T08:45:52Z","timestamp":1733388352000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Time\u2010dependent MR diffusion analysis of functioning and nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas\/pituitary neuroendocrine tumors"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4191-9358","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kiyohisa","family":"Kamimura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Advanced Radiological Imaging Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences  Kagoshima Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tomohiro","family":"Tokuda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences  Kagoshima Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Junki","family":"Kamizono","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences  Kagoshima Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tsubasa","family":"Nakano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences  Kagoshima Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tomohito","family":"Hasegawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences  Kagoshima Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masanori","family":"Nakajo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences  Kagoshima Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-6331-8796","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fumitaka","family":"Ejima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences  Kagoshima Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fumiko","family":"Kanzaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences  Kagoshima Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Koji","family":"Takumi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences  Kagoshima Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masatoyo","family":"Nakajo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences  Kagoshima Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shingo","family":"Fujio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences  Kagoshima Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ryosuke","family":"Hanaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences  Kagoshima Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Akihide","family":"Tanimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences  Kagoshima Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takashi","family":"Iwanaga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiological Technology Kagoshima University Hospital  Kagoshima Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Imai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Siemens Healthcare K.K.  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