{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T04:22:48Z","timestamp":1790828568745,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,31]],"date-time":"2024-12-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735603200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,31]],"date-time":"2024-12-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735603200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P50 AG016574"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P50 AG016574"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R37 AG011378"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R37 AG011378"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Neuroimaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) patients, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow is typically evaluated with a cardiac\u2010gated two\u2010dimensional (2D) phase\u2010contrast (PC) MRI through the cerebral aqueduct. This approach is limited by the evaluation of a single location and does not account for respiration effects on flow. In this study, we quantified the cardiac and respiratory contributions to CSF movement at multiple intracranial locations using a real\u2010time 2D PC\u2010MRI and evaluated the diagnostic value of CSF dynamics biomarkers in classifying iNPH patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This study included 37 participants: 16 iNPH, 10 Alzheimer's disease (AD), and 11 cognitively unimpaired (CU) controls. Anatomical and real\u2010time (non\u2010gated) PC images were acquired in a 3T Philips scanner. CSF flow was assessed at the foramen magnum, fourth ventricle, Sylvian fissure, lateral ventricle, and cerebral aqueduct. We calculated three CSF dynamics biomarkers: mean velocity amplitude, cardiac signal power, and respiratory signal power. Biomarkers from each location were evaluated for classifying iNPH versus AD and CU using support vector machine (SVM). A\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010value of 0.05 or less was considered statistically significant.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The velocity amplitude and cardiac signal power were significantly reduced in iNPH compared to CU (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.005) and AD (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05) at the lateral ventricle. The SVM model using biomarkers from the lateral ventricle performed significantly better at classifying iNPH than the other locations in terms of accuracy (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.005) and diagnostic odds ratio (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Evaluation of CSF movement beyond the cerebral aqueduct may aid in identifying patients with and understanding the pathophysiology of iNPH.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jon.70000","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,31]],"date-time":"2024-12-31T06:58:39Z","timestamp":1735628319000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Real\u2010Time 2D Phase\u2010Contrast MRI to Assess Cardiac\u2010 and Respiratory\u2010Driven CSF Movement in Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4234-6945","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pragalv","family":"Karki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew C.","family":"Murphy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandeep","family":"Ganji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey L.","family":"Gunter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Graff\u2010Radford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David T.","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurologic Surgery Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hugo","family":"Botha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurologic Surgery Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeremy K.","family":"Cutsforth\u2010Gregory","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurologic Surgery Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin D.","family":"Elder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurologic Surgery Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"},{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"Jr.","given":"Clifford R.","family":"Jack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"III","given":"John","family":"Huston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Petrice M.","family":"Cogswell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abb8739"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awaa179"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.198.2.8596861"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006123-200203000-00020"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A4440"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.16.16995"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","first-page":"457","article-title":"Diagnosis of Normal\u2010Pressure Hydrocephalus by RISA Cisternography","volume":"9","author":"Patten D. 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