{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T16:18:22Z","timestamp":1776788302757,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,21]],"date-time":"2025-01-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737417600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":20,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Neuroimaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The central vein sign (CVS) is a diagnostic imaging biomarker for multiple sclerosis (MS). FLAIR* is a combined MRI contrast that provides high conspicuity for CVS at 3 Tesla (3T), enabling its sensitive and accurate detection in clinical settings. This study evaluated whether CVS conspicuity of 3T FLAIR* is reliable across imaging sites and MRI vendors and whether gadolinium (Gd) contrast increases CVS conspicuity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A cross\u2010sectional, multicenter study recruited adults referred for possible diagnosis of MS at 10 sites. FLAIR* contrast was generated using high\u2010resolution T2*\u2010weighted (acquired pre\u2010 and post\u2010injection of Gd) and T2\u2010weighted fluid\u2010attenuated inversion recovery (T2\u2010FLAIR) brain images at 3T from two MRI vendors. Lesions and veins were segmented to compute lesion\u2010to\u2010vein contrast\u2010to\u2010noise ratio (CNR\n                      <jats:sub>lesion\u2010to\u2010vein<\/jats:sub>\n                      ), a quantitative measure of CVS conspicuity. CNR\n                      <jats:sub>lesion\u2010to\u2010vein<\/jats:sub>\n                      measures for pre\u2010 and post\u2010Gd FLAIR* were compared across sites and vendors.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Eighty\u2010seven participants from nine sites were included in the analysis. There was no significant difference in mean CNR\n                      <jats:sub>lesion\u2010to\u2010vein<\/jats:sub>\n                      between sites for pre\u2010Gd (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010value\u00a0=\u00a00.07) or post\u2010Gd (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010value\u00a0=\u00a00.27) FLAIR*. There were also no significant differences between vendors for pre\u2010Gd (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010value\u00a0=\u00a00.10) or post\u2010Gd (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010value\u00a0=\u00a00.31) FLAIR*. Patient\u2010level pairwise differences in CNR\n                      <jats:sub>lesion\u2010to\u2010vein<\/jats:sub>\n                      between pre\u2010Gd and post\u2010Gd FLAIR* revealed a significant increase for post\u2010Gd FLAIR* (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010value\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CVS conspicuity on 3T FLAIR* is consistent across imaging sites and MRI vendors. Moreover, Gd\u2010based contrast agent significantly improved CVS conspicuity on 3T FLAIR*. These findings support the implementation of FLAIR* in clinical settings for MS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jon.70011","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,22]],"date-time":"2025-01-22T01:30:17Z","timestamp":1737509417000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Reliability of Central Vein Sign Imaging With 3T FLAIR* in a Multicenter Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Melissa Lynne","family":"Martin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Penn Statistics in Imaging and Visualization Endeavor University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"},{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Quy","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Penn Statistics in Imaging and Visualization Endeavor University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"},{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elaina","family":"Luskin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Cedars\u2010Sinai Medical Center Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brian","family":"Renner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Cedars\u2010Sinai Medical Center Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lynn","family":"Daboul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Neuroradiology Section National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke National Institutes of Health Bethesda Maryland USA"},{"name":"Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine Cleveland Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carly M.","family":"O'Donnell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Penn Statistics in Imaging and Visualization Endeavor University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"},{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2102-1746","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulo","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"QMENTA Inc. 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