{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T03:56:24Z","timestamp":1782273384398,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":31,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Neuroimaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>Brain atrophy and white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) are established markers of cerebrovascular disease, yet most evidence comes from older populations of predominantly European descent. We prospectively examined the relationship between cardiovascular risk factors and brain volumes and WMHs in middle\u2010aged participants in a multiethnic cohort and examined ethnic differences in these associations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Baseline data (2011\u20132015) were collected from 562 participants of Moroccan, South\u2010Asian Surinamese, and Dutch descent, with 3 Tesla brain MRIs conducted between 2021 and 2022 (median follow\u2010up 8.4\u00a0years). Brain and WMH volumes were assessed using automated segmentation of Magnetization Prepared\u2014RApid Gradient Echo and three\u2010dimensional Fluid\u2010Attenuated Inversion Recovery scans. Linear regression analyses examined associations between cardiovascular risk factors and brain volumes and log\u2010transformed WMH volumes. Interaction terms explored ethnic differences in these associations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Median age was 53\u00a0years, and 45% were female. Higher body mass index (BMI) and diabetes mellitus were associated with lower brain volumes (\u22127.6\u00a0mL per BMI unit, 95% confidence interval [CI] \u221212.6, \u22122.7; 103.4\u00a0mL for diabetes, 95% CI \u2212167.4, \u221239.3). Hypertension and a history of cardiovascular disease were associated with 54.7% (95% CI 25.5, 90.7) and 98.3% (95% CI 30.9, 200.4) higher WMH volumes, respectively. Associations of diabetes with brain volume and hypertension with WMH volume were most pronounced among South\u2010Asian Surinamese participants.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cardiovascular risk factors in midlife were strongly associated with brain volumes and WMHs after 8\u00a0years of follow\u2010up. Ethnic differences in the strength of these associations underscore the importance of tailored cerebrovascular risk assessment across diverse populations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jon.70057","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,2]],"date-time":"2025-06-02T04:24:28Z","timestamp":1748838268000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Cardiovascular Risk Factors Impact Brain Volume and White Matter Hyperintensities: A Multiethnic Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9989-9404","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Esther M. C.","family":"Vriend","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC University of Amsterdam  Amsterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC University of Amsterdam  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"de Sitter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Academic Medical Center (AMC) University of Amsterdam  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas A.","family":"Bouwmeester","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC University of Amsterdam  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oscar H.","family":"Franco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht Utrecht University  Utrecht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henrike","family":"Galenkamp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC University of Amsterdam  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric P. Moll","family":"van Charante","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC University of Amsterdam  Amsterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of General Practice, Amsterdam UMC University of Amsterdam  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Didier","family":"Collard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC University of Amsterdam  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aart J.","family":"Nederveen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Academic Medical Center (AMC) University of Amsterdam  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bert\u2010Jan 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