{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T01:23:05Z","timestamp":1790126585795,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,4]],"date-time":"2025-07-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751587200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000056","name":"National Institute of Nursing Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01NR\u2010013625"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01NR\u2010013625"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000056","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000056","name":"National Institute of Nursing Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01NR\u2010014669"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01NR\u2010014669"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000056","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000071","name":"National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R21HD102544"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21HD102544"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000071","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01HL174651"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01HL174651"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Neuroimaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Heart failure (HF) patients show brain tissue injury in sites that mediate autonomic, cognitive, and mood dysfunctions that are linked with increased morbidity and mortality. The pathological mechanisms that may contribute to brain tissue injury in HF are unclear, but may include blood brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We performed diffusion\u2010weighted pseudo\u2010continuous arterial spin labeling (DW\u2010pCASL) in 27 HF and 59 controls to examine BBB, using a 3.0\u2010Tesla MRI scanner, and assessed anxiety, depressive symptoms, and cognition. Using DW\u2010pCASL data, arterial transit time (ATT, an index of large artery integrity) and water exchange rates across the BBB (Kw, an index of BBB function) maps were generated, normalized, smoothed, and compared between HF and controls, and correlated with cognition and mood.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Significantly increased mood deficits and reduced cognition appeared in HF over controls. Multiple brain areas, which are involved in mediating cognition and mood, showed altered Kw and ATT values in HF over controls. Increased Kw emerged in the insula, hippocampus, and cerebellum. ATT values decreased in the prefrontal cortices, cingulate, and cerebellum, and increased in a few sites in HF patients. Kw values from regions that are involved in mood and cognition functions showed significant associations with anxiety, depression, and cognition.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>HF patients show impaired BBB function and altered large artery integrity. BBB alterations may introduce neural damage to autonomic, mood, and cognitive regulatory areas, contributing to abnormal functions found in HF. The findings suggest a need to repair BBB function to rescue brain tissue and functions in this condition.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jon.70068","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,4]],"date-time":"2025-07-04T07:58:58Z","timestamp":1751615938000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Blood\u2010Brain Barrier Dysfunction in Adults With Heart Failure"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Bhaswati","family":"Roy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology University of California Los Angeles  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xingfeng","family":"Shao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of FMRI Technology (LOFT) Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kamlesh J.","family":"Jobanputra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology University of Alabama at Birmingham  Birmingham Alabama USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregg C.","family":"Fonarow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology University of California Los Angeles  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danny J. J.","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of FMRI Technology (LOFT) Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary","family":"Woo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCLA School of Nursing University of California Los Angeles  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5355-9586","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rajesh","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology University of California Los Angeles  Los Angeles California USA"},{"name":"Department of Radiological Sciences University of California Los Angeles  Los Angeles California USA"},{"name":"Department of Bioengineering University of California Los Angeles  Los Angeles California USA"},{"name":"Brain Research Institute University of California Los Angeles  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,4]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","first-page":"e28","article-title":"Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics\u20132014 Update:A Report From the American Heart Association","volume":"129","author":"Go A. 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