{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,30]],"date-time":"2025-12-30T03:38:37Z","timestamp":1767065917565,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,17]],"date-time":"2025-11-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763337600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":16,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Neuroimaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Synthetic (Sy) MRI is a clinically approved technique providing quantitative MRI measures based on T\n                      <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u2010weighted, T\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u2010weighted, and proton density relaxometry. MRI sequences are often acquired after contrast injection with gadolinium (Gd) to assess active lesions in persons with multiple sclerosis (PwMS), affecting relaxation time. We aimed to assess the influence of Gd on the SyMRI\u2010based volumetrics in PwMS.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We enrolled 106 PwMS and 15 controls who performed pre\u2010\/post\u2010contrast brain SyMRI on a 3T scanner. We evaluated mean change in brain parenchymal fraction (BPF), white matter (WM), grey matter (GM), myelin (Myl), non\u2010aqueous component (NAC), excess parenchymal water (EPW), and T\n                      <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                      enhancement (T\n                      <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                      E) using paired sample\n                      <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010test for pre\u2010\/post\u2010Gd volumes and independent sample\n                      <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010test for comparison between groups.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The mean age was 40.9 and 39.9 years with 69% and 87% females in MS and controls, respectively. Compared to native volumetrics, Gd caused a significant observed volume increase (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001) in BPF 1.05\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.3%, WM 2.8\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.99%, Myl 1.42\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.39%, NAC 1.04\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.23%, and EPW 0.6\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.4% and decrease in GM \u22123.05\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.34% in MS. Similar change was seen in controls: BPF 0.99\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.21%, WM 2.94\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.93%, Myl 1.35\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.37%, NAC 0.99\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.22%, EPW 0.47\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.29%, and GM \u22122.89\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.18%. The change in T\n                      <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                      E was 0.05\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.12% in MS (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001) and 0.02\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.25% (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.76) in controls. The number of contrast\u2010enhancing lesions correlated with T\n                      <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                      E (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.348,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.003).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      There was a consistent pattern of volume changes in PwMS and controls, except for T\n                      <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                      E, where the contrast could have affected the results in PwMS. Therefore, combining pre\u2010 and post\u2010contrast metrics in longitudinal studies should be interpreted with caution.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jon.70104","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,18]],"date-time":"2025-11-18T05:00:22Z","timestamp":1763442022000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Effect of Gadolinium on Synthetic Magnetic Resonance Quantitative Imaging"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7899-6395","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lenka","family":"Novakova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Neuroscience Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology at Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg  Gothenburg Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Neurology Region V\u00e4stra G\u00f6taland Sahlgrenska University Hospital  Gothenburg Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Igal","family":"Rosenstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Neuroscience Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology at Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg  Gothenburg Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Neurology Region V\u00e4stra G\u00f6taland Sahlgrenska University Hospital  Gothenburg Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Markus","family":"Axelsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Neuroscience Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology at Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg  Gothenburg Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Neurology Region V\u00e4stra G\u00f6taland Sahlgrenska University Hospital  Gothenburg Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9217-1445","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Russell","family":"Ouellette","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Neuroscience Karolinska Institutet  Stockholm Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Neuroradiology Karolinska University Hospital  Stockholm 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