{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T20:12:54Z","timestamp":1791231174701,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,30]],"date-time":"2025-11-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764460800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":29,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Neuroimaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Neuromelanin\u2010sensitive magnetic resonance imaging (NM\u2010MRI) is an emerging noninvasive biomarker of catecholaminergic neurons. It assesses neuromelanin\u2010rich regions such as the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) and locus coeruleus (LC). Although initially developed for Parkinson's disease (PD), evidence supports broader utility. This narrative review highlights the diagnostic and prognostic applications of NM\u2010MRI in PD, atypical parkinsonian syndromes, spinocerebellar ataxias (SCA), and Alzheimer's disease (AD), while evaluating methodological heterogeneity, diagnostic performance across diseases, and directions for clinical implementation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In PD, reduced SNc volume and contrast\u2010to\u2010noise ratio (CNR) correlate with motor symptom severity. Early\u2010stage PD shows lateral SNc signal attenuation progressing ventromedially with disease advancement. NM\u2010MRI sensitivity and specificity range from 70%\u201392% to 65%\u201389%, respectively, with higher accuracy at 7T. In progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), SNc degeneration is more pronounced medially; LC contrast ratio (CR) is elevated compared to PD. In multiple system atrophy (MSA), LC signal attenuation is particularly marked in the parkinsonian subtype (MSA\u2010P). NM\u2010MRI findings in SCA (notably SCA2 and SCA7) vary by genotype; AD is characterized by reduction in the middle and caudal segments of LC, reflecting early tau pathology. NM\u2010MRI LC signal reduction variably correlates with cognitive scores and Braak staging, suggesting potential as a preclinical biomarker.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>NM\u2010MRI holds promise for early diagnosis and monitoring of neurodegenerative diseases. While its role in PD is well established, emerging data in PSP, MSA, SCA, and AD suggest wider applicability. Standardization, multimodal imaging integration, and machine learning are critical for clinical translation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jon.70113","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T04:20:47Z","timestamp":1764562847000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Beyond Parkinson's Disease: A Narrative Review of Neuromelanin MRI in Neurodegenerative Diseases"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-2601-3022","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anushree","family":"Burade","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Massachusetts General Hospital Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine  Baltimore Maryland 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