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The search yielded 1211 papers. After screening according to title and abstract, 695 papers were excluded, and after full\u2010text reading, 107 papers remained. Hand\u2010searching of the reference lists resulted in an extra 47 papers. Thirteen studies, published since the literature search was carried out, were also included, resulting in 167 papers for this review. A disc displacement is a highly prevalent derangement within the\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TM<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    joint, with reported prevalence ranging from 18% to 35% in the general population. A disc displacement with reduction is mostly a stable, pain\u2010free and lifelong condition of the joint. In only a small minority of patients, the disc loses its capacity to reduce on opening. Surprisingly, only in rare cases, the loss of disc reduction is accompanied by signs and symptoms of a closed lock (viz. a painful and limited mouth opening). These signs and symptoms have a tendency to reduce and in many cases to resolve within months. The favourable natural course of disc displacements only warrants active treatment for symptomatic disc displacements without reduction. The primary treatment option is a conservative, non\u2010surgical treatment focusing at speeding up the natural process of alleviation of pain and of improvement in mouth opening. For most patients, a disc displacement is just a pain\u2010free, lifelong lasting, \u2018noisy annoyance\u2019 from their\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TM<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    joint.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/joor.12016","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,30]],"date-time":"2012-11-30T08:19:30Z","timestamp":1354263570000},"page":"139-158","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":129,"title":["Disc displacement within the human temporomandibular joint: a systematic review of a \u2018noisy annoyance\u2019"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"M.","family":"Naeije","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Kinesiology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Research Institute MOVE University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. 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