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As such, the aim of this study is to present a method for determining the outcome of surgical procedures on lip shape during speech. A control group (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CG<\/jats:styled-content>) of 115 average subjects and 30 patients with a <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>lass 3 malocclusion requiring bimaxillary surgery performed four reproducible verbal utterances during image capture using a non\u2010invasive, three\u2010dimensional (3<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">D<\/jats:styled-content>) motion scanner (3d<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MDF<\/jats:styled-content>ace\u2122 Dynamic System). Landmark coordinates around the lips of the 3<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">D<\/jats:styled-content> facial shells were extracted and subjected to discriminant analysis and principal component analysis to statistically differentiate lip shapes between the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CG<\/jats:styled-content> and the patient group (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PG<\/jats:styled-content>) pre\u2010 and post\u2010surgery. Pre\u2010surgically, the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PG<\/jats:styled-content> showed statistically significant differences in lip shape during speech in the lateral and vertical dimensions, preferring a wider, shorter lip shape when compared with the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CG<\/jats:styled-content> for all the utterances. The shape differences normalised towards the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CG<\/jats:styled-content> post\u2010surgery. The method presented utilises pre\u2010existing statistical shape analyses and can be reproduced in the clinical setting to provide a diagnostic and functional outcome tool. In this example, correction of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>lass 3 skeletal disproportions appeared to normalise lip shape during speech.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/joor.12037","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,8]],"date-time":"2013-02-08T13:14:45Z","timestamp":1360329285000},"page":"348-357","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Determining normal and abnormal lip shapes at border positions for use as a longitudinal surgical outcome measure"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"H.","family":"Popat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Applied Clinical Research and Public Health School of Dentistry Cardiff University Cardiff UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A. 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