{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T15:30:49Z","timestamp":1770132649351,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,30]],"date-time":"2013-08-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1377820800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100015060","name":"Nagasaki University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100015060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Teijin Pharma Limited"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Oral Rehabilitation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>Surface tension may have important role for maintaining upper airway patency in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea. It has been demonstrated that elevated surface tension increases the pharyngeal pressures required to reopen the upper airway following collapse. The aim of the study was to evaluate the associations between the concentrations of endogenous surfactants in saliva with indices of upper airway patency in obstructive sleep apnoea. We studied 20 male patients with obstructive sleep apnoea (age: 60\u00b73\u00a0\u00b1\u00a010\u00b73\u00a0years; <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BMI<\/jats:styled-content>: 25\u00b79\u00a0\u00b1\u00a04\u00b76\u00a0kg\u00a0m<jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup>; <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AHI<\/jats:styled-content>: 41\u00b75\u00a0\u00b1\u00a018\u00b76\u00a0events\u00a0h<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>). We obtained 100\u2010\u03bcL samples of saliva prior to overnight polysomnographic sleep study. The surface tension was determined using the pull\u2010off force technique. The concentration of phosphatidylcholine (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PC<\/jats:styled-content>) was evaluated by liquid chromatography\u2010mass spectrometry (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LC\u2010MS\/MS<\/jats:styled-content>). Regression analysis between apnoea, hypopnoea and apnoea\/hypopnoea indices and the ratio of hypopnoea time\/total disordered breathing time (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HT\/DBT<\/jats:styled-content>) with surface tension and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PC<\/jats:styled-content> were performed. <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00\u00b705 was considered significant. The mean saliva surface tension was 48\u00b78\u00a0\u00b1\u00a08\u00b70\u00a0mN\u00a0m<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PC<\/jats:styled-content> concentration was 15\u00b77\u00a0\u00b1\u00a011\u00b71\u00a0nM. The surface tension was negatively correlated with the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PC<\/jats:styled-content> concentration (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0\u22120\u00b748, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00\u00b703). There was a significant positive correlation between surface tension with hypopnoea index (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00\u00b750, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00\u00b703) and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HT\/DBT<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00\u00b76, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00\u00b7006), but not apnoea or apnoea\/hypopnoea index (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&gt;\u00a00\u00b711). Similarly, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PC<\/jats:styled-content> concentration negatively correlated with hypopnoea index (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0\u22120\u00b745, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00\u00b704) and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HT\/DBT<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0\u22120\u00b76, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00\u00b7004), but not with apnoea index or <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AHI<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&gt;\u00a00\u00b708). An increase in salivary <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PC<\/jats:styled-content> concentration may increase upper airway patency in obstructive sleep apnoea through a reduction in surface tension.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/joor.12094","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,30]],"date-time":"2013-08-30T05:57:11Z","timestamp":1377842231000},"page":"758-766","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Increased phosphatidylcholine concentration in saliva reduces surface tension and improves airway patency in obstructive sleep apnoea"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"M.","family":"Kawai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Physiology Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Science Nagasaki Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. P.","family":"Kirkness","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Johns Hopkins Sleep Disorders Center Baltimore MD USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Yamamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Teijin Pharma Limited Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Imaizumi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Teijin Pharma Limited Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Yoshimine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Inoue Hospital Nagasaki Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Oi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Physiology Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Science Nagasaki Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Ayuse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Physiology Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Science Nagasaki 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