{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T14:01:11Z","timestamp":1782828071842,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,22]],"date-time":"2014-01-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1390348800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ethics Committee of Iwate Medical University"},{"name":"School of Dentistry","award":["01499"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01499"]}]},{"name":"Young Scientists"},{"name":"JSPS KAKENHI","award":["23792243"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23792243"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Oral Rehabilitation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>The key objective of mastication is to form a food bolus suitable for smooth swallowing. However, chewing is usually performed without a conscious effort. Poor bolus formation can cause pharyngeal residue and suffocation in elderly individuals with reduced swallowing function. Therefore, chewing with a conscious effort may help the bolus to more easily pass the pharynx. This study aimed to clarify the impact of mastication with a conscious effort on the feeding sequence. Subjects included 25 dentulous volunteers who were informed and provided written consent. Lateral videofluoroscopy was performed during the feeding of solid agar jelly under two conditions: chewing naturally in their usual manner (without volition) and chewing with a conscious effort (with volition). Temporal evaluation was performed for mastication, stage <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">II<\/jats:styled-content> transport (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">STII<\/jats:styled-content>), swallow onset and oropharyngeal transit time. Moreover, bolus volume at swallow onset and subjective evaluation of swallowing easiness were measured. Volitional chewing with a conscious effort lengthened the duration of the chewing sequence before and after <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">STII<\/jats:styled-content> and delayed the swallow onset despite the fact that the bolus volume in the vallecula and hypopharynx (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HYP<\/jats:styled-content>) had significantly increased. Furthermore, with volition, the bolus transit time from swallow onset in the oral cavity, upper oropharynx and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HYP<\/jats:styled-content> was reduced, and subjective evaluation of swallowing easiness demonstrated significant improvement. These results suggest that volitional chewing with a conscious effort can alter bolus transport and swallowing, resulting in easier swallowing.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/joor.12140","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,22]],"date-time":"2014-01-22T11:53:35Z","timestamp":1390391615000},"page":"191-198","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Volitional chewing with a conscious effort alters and facilitates swallowing during feeding sequence"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"J.","family":"Furuya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Prosthodontics and Oral Implantology School of Dentistry Iwate Medical University Morioka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Hara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Prosthodontics and Oral Implantology School of Dentistry Iwate Medical University Morioka 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