{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T06:11:55Z","timestamp":1790748715833,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,18]],"date-time":"2015-04-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1429315200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Oral Rehabilitation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Although oropharyngeal and laryngeal structures are essential for swallowing, the three\u2010dimensional (3D) anatomy is not well understood, due in part to limitations of available measuring techniques. This study uses 3D images acquired by 320\u2010row area detector computed tomography (\u2018320\u2010\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ADCT<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    \u2019), to measure the pharynx and larynx and to investigate the effects of age, gender and height. Fifty\u2010four healthy volunteers (30 male, 24 female, 23\u201377\u00a0years) underwent one single\u2010phase volume scan (0\u00b735\u00a0s) with 320\u2010\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ADCT<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    during resting tidal breathing. Six measurements of the pharynx and two of larynx were performed. Bivariate statistical methods were used to analyse the effects of gender, age and height on these measurements. Length and volume were significantly larger for men than for women for every measurement (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0&lt;\u00a00\u00b705) and increased with height (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0&lt;\u00a00\u00b705). Multiple regression analysis was performed to understand the interactions of gender, height and age. Gender, height and age each had significant effects on certain values. The volume of the larynx and hypopharynx was significantly affected by height and age. The length of pharynx was associated with gender and age. Length of the vocal folds and distance from the valleculae to the vocal folds were significantly affected by gender (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0&lt;\u00a00\u00b705). These results suggest that age, gender and height have independent and interacting effects on the morphology of the pharynx and larynx. Three\u2010dimensional imaging and morphometrics using 320\u2010\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ADCT<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    are powerful tools for efficiently and reliably observing and measuring the pharynx and larynx.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/joor.12298","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,18]],"date-time":"2015-04-18T03:38:59Z","timestamp":1429328339000},"page":"670-677","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":80,"title":["Anatomy of the larynx and pharynx: effects of age, gender and height revealed by multidetector computed tomography"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Y.","family":"Inamoto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine School of Medicine Fujita Health University Aichi Japan"},{"name":"Faculty of Rehabilitation School of Health Sciences Fujita Health University Aichi Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Saitoh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine School of Medicine Fujita Health University Aichi Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Okada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Rehabilitation School of Health Sciences Fujita Health University Aichi Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Kagaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine School of Medicine Fujita Health University Aichi Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Shibata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine School of Medicine Fujita Health University Aichi Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Baba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Japanese Red Cross Ashikaga Hospital Tochigi Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Onogi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine School of Medicine Fujita Health University Aichi Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Hashimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hygiene Fujita Health University Aichi Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Katada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Fujita Health University Aichi Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Wattanapan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medicine Suranaree University of Technology Muang Nakornratchasima, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. B.","family":"Palmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery and Center for Functional Anatomy and Evolution Johns Hopkins University Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2005.01.077"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2008.03.032"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","first-page":"153","article-title":"Three dimensional anatomy of the larynx. Investigation by whole organ sections","volume":"33","author":"Sato K","year":"1987","journal-title":"Jibi"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","first-page":"187","article-title":"Effects of intrinsic laryngeal muscles to the glottis. 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