{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,22]],"date-time":"2026-01-22T04:04:33Z","timestamp":1769054673647,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,3]],"date-time":"2015-10-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1443830400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001700","name":"Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["#26461093"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#26461093"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001700","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Oral Rehabilitation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>The previous reports suggest that obstructive sleep apnoea (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OSA<\/jats:styled-content>) is related to metabolic syndrome, mineral metabolism disorders and cardiovascular disease. In addition, a possible relationship between obesity and the calcification of ligaments has been implied. However, the potential link between <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OSA<\/jats:styled-content> and the calcification of ligaments has not been directly studied. In this present study, to investigate the potential link between <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OSA<\/jats:styled-content> and the calcification of ligaments, we examined the prevalence of the calcification of ligaments in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OSA<\/jats:styled-content> patients and the relationship between these findings and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OSA<\/jats:styled-content> severity. Eighty consecutive patients (60 males, 20 females) diagnosed as <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OSA<\/jats:styled-content> or a heavy snorer based on full\u2010night polyso\u2010mnography were retrospectively recruited from May 2006 to July 2008. Each patient underwent cephalometric imaging examination before the arrangement of an oral appliance. One calibrated observer (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">YS<\/jats:styled-content>) reviewed the cephalometric images for the presence of calcification of the nuchal ligament and osteophytes of the cervical spine. The prevalence of calcification of the nuchal ligament in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OSA<\/jats:styled-content> patients and snorers was 46\u00b73% (males: 52%, females: 30%) There was a significant positive correlation between the severity of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OSA<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AHI<\/jats:styled-content>) and the calcification of the nuchal ligament before and after adjusting for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BMI<\/jats:styled-content>. The prevalence of the calcification of the nuchal ligament in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OSA<\/jats:styled-content> subjects and snorers was higher than in previous studies with non\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OSA<\/jats:styled-content> subjects. In addition, it is suggested that the severity of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OSA<\/jats:styled-content> correlates with the presence of calcification of the nuchal ligament.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/joor.12354","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,3]],"date-time":"2015-10-03T11:54:44Z","timestamp":1443873284000},"page":"96-102","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Assessment of the calcification of the nuchal ligament and osteophytes of the cervical spine in obstructive sleep apnoea subjects and snorers"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"E.","family":"Ando","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Fixed Prosthodontics School of Dental Medicine Tsurumi University Yokohama Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Y.","family":"Shigeta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Fixed Prosthodontics School of Dental Medicine Tsurumi University Yokohama Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Nejima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine Yokohama Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Yamanaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine Yokohama Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Hirai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Fixed Prosthodontics School of Dental Medicine Tsurumi University Yokohama Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Ogawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Fixed Prosthodontics School of Dental Medicine Tsurumi University Yokohama Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G. T.","family":"Clark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orofacial Pain\/Oral Medicine Center Division of Diagnostic Sciences School of Dentistry University of Southern California Los Angeles CA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Enciso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endodontics Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Orthodontics School of Dentistry University of Southern California Los Angeles CA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199304293281704"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","first-page":"2","article-title":"Obstructive sleep apnoea in Asia","volume":"11","author":"Lam B","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1513\/pats.200708-137MG"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-3003.1999.13b31.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1521-6918(04)00091-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.125.1.127"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199611010-00013"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","first-page":"509","article-title":"Hypercalcemia in infants presenting with apnea","volume":"143","author":"Kooh SW","year":"1990","journal-title":"Can Med Assoc J"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0278-2391(98)90657-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2005.04.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","first-page":"1373","article-title":"Ossification of the spinal ligament. 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