{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,14]],"date-time":"2026-03-14T17:48:46Z","timestamp":1773510526218,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,18]],"date-time":"2018-01-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1516233600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Oral Rehabilitation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>Oro\u2010facial dysfunctions (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OFD<\/jats:styled-content>) or oro\u2010facial myofunctional disorders in children lead to severe problems in teeth and jaw position, articulation, chewing and swallowing. The forces of the tongue, the central muscle for articulation, chewing and swallowing are focused on in several studies. In this examination, isometric tongue protrusion forces (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TPF<\/jats:styled-content>) of children with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OFD<\/jats:styled-content> and controls were compared. Thirty participants with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OFD<\/jats:styled-content> and 30 controls were presented a target force level as a straight line on a monitor that they were supposed to match by generating an isometric tongue force for different target levels (0.25\u00a0N and 0.5\u00a0N). Correlations of the severity of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OFD<\/jats:styled-content> (symptom score) with the capacities of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TPF<\/jats:styled-content> 0.25\u00a0N and 0.5\u00a0N were calculated. Statistical differences were obvious in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TPF<\/jats:styled-content> variability and the accuracy, depending on the weight. Tongue contact time, expressed as per cent (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TCT<\/jats:styled-content>, total contact: 100%), was significantly lower in children with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OFD<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.005). Mean and median <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TPF<\/jats:styled-content> was not different between groups. The predictive value of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TPF<\/jats:styled-content> for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OFD<\/jats:styled-content> revealed a level of 58.6% for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TPF<\/jats:styled-content> 0.25\u00a0N and 74.5% for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TPF<\/jats:styled-content> 0.5\u00a0N. Correlations of the severity of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OFD<\/jats:styled-content> were seen for some parameters. Subjects with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OFD<\/jats:styled-content> show significantly lower competencies in accuracy and endurance of tongue protrusion forces. This may have a high impact on phenotyping children with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OFD<\/jats:styled-content> and influence therapeutical approaches.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/joor.12598","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,12]],"date-time":"2017-12-12T08:08:20Z","timestamp":1513066100000},"page":"228-234","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Quantitative examination of isometric tongue protrusion forces in children with oro\u2010facial dysfunctions or myofunctional disorders"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9638-1351","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S.","family":"Rohrbach","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Audiology and Phoniatrics Charit\u00e9\u2010University Medicine Berlin  Berlin Germany"},{"name":"Evangelische Hochschule Berlin  Berlin 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Informatics and Epidemiology University Hospital Rheinische Friedrich\u2010Wilhelms\u2010University  Bonn Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Schubert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"George\u2010Huntington\u2010Institute  Muenster Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Reilmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"George\u2010Huntington\u2010Institute  Muenster Germany"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Radiology University of Muenster  Muenster Germany"},{"name":"Department of Neurodegeneration and Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research University of Tuebingen  Tuebingen Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.52010\/ijom.2005.31.1.1","article-title":"Retrospective and prospective 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