{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,18]],"date-time":"2026-07-18T09:31:56Z","timestamp":1784367116831,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,7]],"date-time":"2019-05-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1557187200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Oral Rehabilitation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The prevalence of malocclusion, temporomandibular disorders (TMD) and oral parafunctions is highly debated in children population.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate the prevalence of malocclusion, self\u2010reported oral parafunctions and TMD\u2010pain in Italian schoolchildren and to assess the association between the examined factors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 700 children aged 9\u201011\u00a0years were selected among six public schools in Campania region (Italy). Molar relationship, overjet, overbite and cross\u2010bite were assessed through a clinical examination. Furthermore, the subjects were demanded to fill in a validated questionnaire for TMD\u2010pain screening and the short form of the Oral Behaviours Checklist. Descriptive statistics were used to report the frequencies. The associations between occlusal traits, oral parafunctions and TMD\u2010pain were analysed with a Pearson chi\u2010square test, as expressed by odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals. The significance level was set at <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Molar Class I was the most frequently encountered molar relationship, followed by molar Class II, subdivision and molar Class III. Increased overjet was more common than negative overjet. Posterior cross\u2010bite was observed in 12% of children. TMD\u2010pain was recorded in 14.7% of subjects. High frequency of oral parafunctions was reported in 21.3% of subjects. A significant association was found between TMD\u2010pain and negative overbite. Cross\u2010bite and high frequency of oral parafunctions were associated with TMD\u2010pain.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The current results show that malocclusion, self\u2010reported oral parafunctions and TMD\u2010pain are frequent findings among Italian schoolchildren and that some occlusal factors and high frequency of oral parafunctions might be associated with TMD\u2010pain.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/joor.12794","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,20]],"date-time":"2019-03-20T16:05:58Z","timestamp":1553097958000},"page":"611-616","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":76,"title":["Prevalence of malocclusion, oral parafunctions and temporomandibular disorder\u2010pain in Italian schoolchildren: An epidemiological study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"46","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2017-6420","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefania","family":"Perrotta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Orthodontics, Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Oral Sciences University of Naples 'Federico II' Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5002-6247","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rosaria","family":"Bucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Orthodontics, Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Oral Sciences University of Naples 'Federico II' Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vittorio","family":"Simeon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mental Health and Preventive Medicine, Medical Statistics Unit University of Campania \u201cLuigi Vanvitelli\u201d Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Martina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Orthodontics, Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Oral Sciences University of Naples 'Federico II' Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ambra","family":"Michelotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Orthodontics, Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Oral Sciences University of Naples 'Federico II' Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosa","family":"Valletta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Orthodontics, Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Oral Sciences University of Naples 'Federico II' Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","volume-title":"Walther and Houston's Orthodontic Notes","author":"Walther DP","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjn125"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","first-page":"559","article-title":"Assessment of psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics","volume":"18","author":"Khan M","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Coll Physicians Surg Pak"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1834-7819.1993.tb04759.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","first-page":"611","article-title":"Prevalence of temporomandibular disorders and oral parafunctions inadolescents from public schools in Southern Italy","volume":"14","author":"Paduano S","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cranio"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/23.2.153"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0039-1698327","article-title":"Prevalence of malocclusion among adolescents in central anatolia","volume":"1","author":"Gelg\u00f6r IE","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur J Dent"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","first-page":"95","article-title":"Malocclusion prevalence and comparison between the Angle classification and the Dental Aesthetic Index in scholars in the interior of S\u00e3o Paulo state Brazil","volume":"15","author":"Garbin AJ\u00cd","year":"2010","journal-title":"Dental Press J Orthod"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/joor.12011"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S2176-94512012000200016"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/crn.2010.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2007.11.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2842.2002.00781.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","first-page":"176","article-title":"Is there an association between various aspects of oral health in Southern Italy children? 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