{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T06:24:42Z","timestamp":1792477482545,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,1]],"date-time":"2019-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1564617600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Oral Rehabilitation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cervical spine disorders are frequently associated with temporomandibular disorders (TMDs). Although headache is common in TMD, few studies have considered headache regarding the functional performance of the cervical spine in TMD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate TMD subjects with and without self\u2010reported headache, assess the active and passive range of motion (ROM) of the upper cervical spine (C1\u2010C2) and performance of the deep cervical flexors, and evaluate the correlation of these outcomes with neck disability and temporomandibular pain.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this cross\u2010sectional study, we assessed 57 women (40 with TMDs and 17 without TMDs [controls]). The TMD group was divided into 25 and 15 patients with and without self\u2010reported headache, respectively. We assessed the active and passive upper cervical ROMs using the flexion\u2010rotation test (FRT) and muscle performance using the craniocervical flexion test (CCFT). The neck disability index questionnaire and visual analog scale were used to assess self\u2010reported neck disability and temporomandibular pain, respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Compared to controls, all TMD subjects showed reduced cervical mobility on flexion\/extension movements, reduced FRT findings and worse performance in CCFT (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.05 all). Additionally, the CCFT and FRT findings were correlated with temporomandibular pain (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.4 and .5, respectively) and neck disability (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.3 and .4, respectively).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Women with TMDs, regardless of self\u2010reported headaches, showed limited flexion\/extension ROM, limited upper cervical spine (C1\u2010C2) mobility and poor deep cervical flexor performance. Neck disability and temporomandibular pain showed a moderate correlation with the functional test findings, that is FRT and CCFT, in subjects with TMDs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/joor.12858","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,11]],"date-time":"2019-07-11T01:01:05Z","timestamp":1562806865000},"page":"1177-1184","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Mobility of the upper cervical spine and muscle performance of the deep flexors in women with temporomandibular disorders"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"46","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9957-3436","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michele P.","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Healthy Science, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto Medical School University of S\u00e3o Paulo Ribeir\u00e3o Preto Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C\u00e9sar 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