{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,19]],"date-time":"2026-04-19T22:09:33Z","timestamp":1776636573542,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,3]],"date-time":"2022-11-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667433600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Oral Rehabilitation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Several studies have shown that both acupuncture and dry needling are effective in the treatment of musculoskeletal pains. Therefore, the aim of this network meta\u2010analysis (NMA) was to investigate the treatment outcome of acupuncture and dry\u2010needling for masticatory muscle pain (TMD\u2010M) and to compare with active and inactive placebo.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Material and Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>An electronic search was performed to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs) published until September 2019, comparing dry\u2010needling, acupuncture, and inactive as well as active placebo in patients with TMD\u2010M. Outcome variables were post\u2010treatment pain intensity, pressure pain threshold (PPT), and maximum mouth opening (MMO). The quality of evidence was rated according to Cochrane's tool for assessing the risk of bias. Mean difference was used to analyse via frequentist NMA using STATA\u2010software.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Both NMA and direct pairwise meta\u2010analysis have shown that there was no difference between active treatment with either acupuncture or dry\u2010needling when compared to active and inactive placebo in patients with TMD\u2010M with respect to pain intensity, and PPT (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&gt;\u2009.05). However, there was a significant increase in MMO following dry\u2010needling when compared to the placebo (very low\u2010quality evidence).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Despite the short\u2010term positive effect of MMO by dry\u2010needling, this NMA could not show any pain\u2010reducing effect in patients with TMD\u2010M by acupuncture or dry\u2010needling when compared to an active or inactive placebo. Taken together, this NMA indicates that it is the placebo effect that accounts for the majority of the treatment effect of TMD\u2010M, rather than a real therapeutic effect of acupuncture\/dry\u2010needling.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/joor.13382","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,31]],"date-time":"2022-10-31T05:13:41Z","timestamp":1667193221000},"page":"87-97","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Are acupuncture and dry needling effective in the management of masticatory muscle pain: A network meta\u2010analysis of randomised clinical trials"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"50","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3649-9662","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Essam Ahmed","family":"Al\u2010Moraissi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Thamar University  Thamar Yemen"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Greg","family":"Goddard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emeritus Professor at University of California, San Francisco  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8199-7863","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nikolaos","family":"Christidis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Oral Diagnostics and Rehabilitation, Department of Dental Medicine Karolinska Institutet  Huddinge 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