{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T10:24:40Z","timestamp":1779877480990,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,20]],"date-time":"2022-12-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1671494400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Oral Rehabilitation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Despite increasing scientific interest in the effectiveness of mandibular advancement device (MAD) for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), laypeople lack knowledge about this treatment option.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate content, quality and readability of the online information regarding MAD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Google, Yahoo and Bing were searched for \u2018sleep apnea\u2019, \u2018mandibular advancement device\u2019 and \u2018oral appliance\u2019. Websites were analysed for content (multidisciplinary care team, qualified dentist, treatment contraindications and side effects), as well as for quality (DISCERN instrument, HONcode) and readability scores (Flesch Reading Ease, FRE and Flesch\u2013Kincaid Reading Grade, FKG).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Totally, 155 websites were included: 53% from health professionals, 20% commercial, 17% academic and 10% from non\u2010health professionals. Content was incomplete, especially for commercial ones. 71.61% websites failed to acknowledge treatment contraindications, approximately 40.00% did not mention side effects and the need for a multidisciplinary care team, while 22.58% did not address the need to consult a qualified dentist. Quality and reliability were poor. Mean DISCERN score was 39.93 (95% CI 37.90\u201341.96), with lower scores for commercial websites compared with others. Only nine websites displayed HONcode certification. Readability was quite difficult, with mean FRE score of 59.50 (95% CI 57.58\u201361.42) and mean FKG level of 6.92 (95% CI 6.64\u20137.21).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Health care professionals should be aware that currently available online information do not fulfil the most important aspects of MAD therapy and may be difficult to understand by laypeople. This could contribute to cause delays in appropriate OSA care and unrealistic treatment expectations, increasing the risk of treatment discontinuation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/joor.13400","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,7]],"date-time":"2022-12-07T13:29:21Z","timestamp":1670419761000},"page":"210-216","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Online information on mandibular advancement device for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea: A content, quality and readability analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"50","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0301-6126","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Serena","family":"Incerti Parenti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Orthodontics and Sleep Dentistry, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM) University of Bologna  Bologna Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Gamberini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Orthodontics and Sleep Dentistry, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM) University of Bologna  Bologna Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Fiordelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dental School University of Brescia  Brescia Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Bortolotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Orthodontics and Sleep Dentistry, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM) University of Bologna  Bologna Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Laffranchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dental School University of Brescia  Brescia Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1317-1901","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giulio","family":"Alessandri\u2010Bonetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Orthodontics and Sleep Dentistry, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM) University of Bologna  Bologna Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/13300"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0033354919874074"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","unstructured":"Eurostat.One in two EU citizens look for health information online. June 4 2021. Accessed August 29 2021.https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/eurostat\/product?code=EDN\u201020210406\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","unstructured":"FoxS DugganM.Information triage. Pew Research Center: Internet Science & Tech. February 19 2014. 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