{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T13:27:10Z","timestamp":1787318830502,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,4]],"date-time":"2024-06-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717459200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Oral Rehabilitation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Natural head position (NHP), pharyngeal airway and maxillofacial growth pattern are correlated. The author's previous studies proved that following surgical correction of Skeletal Class II malocclusion, the over\u2010extended NHP returned upright, and the pharyngeal airway space (PAS) dimension expanded.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The present study compares the post\u2010operative change in NHP and PAS after orthognathic surgery in Skeletal Class II and III malocclusion patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients receiving orthognathic procedures to correct Skeletal Class II or III malocclusions were reviewed in this retrospective study. Pre\u2010operative and 6\u2010week post\u2010operative cone\u2010beam computed tomography datasets were collected. Variables representing the craniofacial pattern, the NHP and the PAS were measured three\u2010dimensionally. Post\u2010operative variables were compared with their pre\u2010operative counterparts using either repeat\u2010measure 2\u2010way analysis of variance or Wilcoxon matched\u2010pairs signed rank test.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Thirty cases of Skeletal Class II malocclusion and 13 cases of Skeletal Class III malocclusion were collected. Preoperatively, the inter\u2010group differences were significant in craniofacial pattern (68.14\u2009\u00b1\u20093.552 degree vs. 79.63\u2009\u00b1\u20092.497 degree,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u2009.0001) and the NHP (68.77\u2009\u00b1\u200911.02 degree vs. 82.83\u2009\u00b1\u20097.738 degree,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.0002) while not significant in PAS; after surgery, the intergroup differences in craniofacial pattern and the NHP between groups decreased, and the PAS increased in both groups.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Orthognathic surgery may improve compromised NHP and increase PAS in Skeletal Class II and III malocclusion patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/joor.13770","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,5]],"date-time":"2024-06-05T01:33:50Z","timestamp":1717551230000},"page":"1778-1784","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Orthognathic surgery improves compromised natural head position and pharyngeal airway in patients with Skeletal Class\n                    <scp>II<\/scp>\n                    or\n                    <scp>III<\/scp>\n                    malocclusion"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"51","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5733-4819","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaozhen","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery the University of Michigan Hospital  Ann Arbor Michigan 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