{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T09:42:48Z","timestamp":1779356568022,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,1]],"date-time":"2024-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1719792000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Y24H140017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Y24H140017"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Oral Rehabilitation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Depression and anxiety have been suggested to be associated with temporomandibular disorders (TMD) in observational studies. However, the causal association and the direction in the relationship between depression\/anxiety and TMD remain unknown.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study investigated the potential causal relationship between depression\/anxiety and TMD with two\u2010sample bi\u2010directional Mendelian randomization (MR).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Summary statistics of depression (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009500\u2009199), anxiety disorder (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200917\u2009310) and TMD (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009195\u2009930) were sourced from large\u2010scale genome\u2010wide association studies (GWAS). The primary Mendelian randomization (MR) estimation employed the inverse\u2010variance weighted meta\u2010analysis (IVW). Additional MR sensitivity methods and multivariate MR (MVMR) were applied to address pleiotropy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>IVW results indicated a causal effect of genetically predicted depression on TMD (OR\u2009=\u20091.887, 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.504\u20132.367, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001), which was supported by other sensitivity MR approaches. MVMR results suggested that the negative effect of depression on TMD persisted after conditioning on other potential confounders. The association of anxiety disorder with TMD was not supported by our findings. In the reverse direction, we did not find compelling evidence suggesting the causal effect of TMD on depression and anxiety disorder.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The present study suggests a potential causal association between genetic liability for depression and the risk of TMD. Our MR findings align with prior epidemiological research, underscoring the significance of early detection and prevention of depression in the treatment of TMD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/joor.13771","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,2]],"date-time":"2024-07-02T02:48:53Z","timestamp":1719888533000},"page":"1653-1661","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Bi\u2010directional two\u2010sample Mendelian randomization identifies causal association of depression with temporomandibular disorders"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"51","author":[{"given":"Hanxin","family":"Que","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics, School &amp; Hospital of Stomatology Wenzhou Medical University  Wenzhou Zhejiang China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qinglian","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department 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