{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T23:56:39Z","timestamp":1791244599084,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,30]],"date-time":"2025-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738195200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100021721","name":"New Zealand Dental Association","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100021721","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100018629","name":"Sir John Walsh Research Institute, University of Otago","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100018629","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Oral Rehabilitation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Proclination of front teeth in orthodontics and oral rehabilitation may influence lip protrusion and the overall facial profile. We hypothesized that the degree of profile changes is determined by the biomechanical properties of the lips.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>(1) to investigate the upper lip changes induced by a simulated protraction of upper front teeth; and (2) to assess the relationship between biomechanical properties of the lips and their response to tooth protraction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Thirty\u2010four participants were recruited at the Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, New Zealand. Simulated protraction of upper front teeth was achieved by placing a customised stent covering the buccal surface of the maxillary upper incisors and canines, along with the corresponding buccal mucosa and gingiva. Stereophotogrammetry was used to assess lip changes in three dimensions. Biomechanical properties of the lips, including muscle tone, stiffness and elasticity, were measured using a non\u2010invasive digital palpation device.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>During the simulated protraction of upper front teeth, the upper lip advanced approximately 50% of the stent thickness, with a considerable inter\u2010individual variation in lip displacement. Soft tissue responses were correlated with the biomechanical properties of the lips with significant correlation coefficients ranging from 0.38 to 0.40. Higher lip tone was associated with increased lip displacement, while greater lip elasticity resulted in reduced lip displacement. Multivariate analyses indicated that upper lip displacement was associated with biomechanical properties and ethnicity, but not with age, sex and body mass index.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The response of the lips to protraction of front teeth varies largely between individuals and can be partly explained by variations in the biomechanical properties of perioral muscles.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/joor.13941","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,30]],"date-time":"2025-01-30T05:32:51Z","timestamp":1738215171000},"page":"632-640","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Effect of Biomechanical Properties of Perioral Soft Tissues on Lip Response to Simulated Protraction of Upper Front Teeth"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"Khac T.","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Science University of Otago  Otago New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4516-647X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mauro","family":"Farella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Science University of Otago  Otago New Zealand"},{"name":"Department of Surgical Sciences University of Cagliari  Cagliari Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincent","family":"Bennani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Rehabilitation University of Otago  Otago New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Mei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Science University of Otago  Otago New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9416(77)90057-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/2278-9588.105672"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9416(76)90208-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","volume-title":"Malocclusion of The Teeth","author":"Angle E. H.","year":"1907"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2478\/aoj-2004-0015"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9290(82)90051-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0889-5406(86)90027-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjab053"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2319\/022219-134.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ocr.12178"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","volume-title":"Stereophotogrammetric Analysis of Lip Changes Induced by Simulated Incisor Protraction (Thesis, Doctor of Clinical Dentistry)","author":"Nguyen K. T.","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0197281"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2319\/022920-146.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40510-019-0300-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2014.01.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2319\/041810-210.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2012.01.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ocr.12006"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4041\/kjod.2014.44.6.281"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2015.08.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9416(64)90205-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/1092-4388(2007\/089)"},{"issue":"396","key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","first-page":"E1","article-title":"Influence of Sex and Body Mass Index on Facial Soft Tissue Thickness Measurements of the Northern Chinese Adult Population","volume":"222","author":"Dong Y.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Forensic Science International"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.25259\/APOS_76_2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9416(82)90492-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ocr.12257"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2004.01.026"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","first-page":"118","article-title":"The Application of Quantitative Perioral Assessment to Orthodontic Case Analysis and Treatment Planning","volume":"46","author":"Posen A. L.","year":"1976","journal-title":"Angle Orthodontist"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/1.3.193"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12024-009-9085-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1073-8746(95)80094-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/2015_JSLHR-S-14-0325"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2010.11.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjq095"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4067\/S0717-95022019000401245"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0889-5406(87)90391-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2319\/041415-244.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-08714-y"}],"container-title":["Journal of Oral Rehabilitation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/joor.13941","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,28]],"date-time":"2025-04-28T23:40:52Z","timestamp":1745883652000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/joor.13941"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,30]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/joor.13941"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/joor.13941","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/JOOR.13941\/v2\/response1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/JOOR.13941\/v2\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/JOOR.13941\/v1\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/JOOR.13941\/v1\/review1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0305-182X","1365-2842"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0305-182X","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2842","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-03-12","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-01-07","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-01-30","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}