{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T16:33:24Z","timestamp":1789576404311,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747180800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Oral Rehabilitation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Despite various treatment approaches for bruxism, there is limited evidence comparing exercise therapy and occlusal splints, highlighting the importance of this study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To compare the effects of a 6\u2010week jaw exercise (JE) program with combined jaw and posture exercises (JP) on pain and mandibular motion in patients with probable sleep bruxism. The secondary objectives were to evaluate the effects of the interventions on oral parafunctions, posture, and sleep quality.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sixty\u2010three patients with probable sleep bruxism were randomly assigned to JE, JP, or Occlusal Splints (OS) groups at the University Hospital. Pain levels were assessed using the visual analogue scale (VAS), and the maximum oral opening was measured using a calliper. Secondary outcomes included oral parafunctions, evaluated via the Oral Behaviours Checklist, and posture, assessed using craniovertebral and craniohorizontal angles. Assessments were performed at baseline, post\u2010treatment (6th week), and 12th week follow\u2010up. Data were analysed using repeated measures ANOVA (Group\u2009\u00d7\u2009Time).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>All groups demonstrated significant pain reductions (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05), but none of the groups showed superiority (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u20090.05). Mouth opening improved significantly only in the JE group (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05), with no intergroup differences (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u20090.05). Improvements in oral parafunctions occurred in the JE and JP groups (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05), but the differences between the groups were not significant (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u20090.05). No significant changes were observed in the craniovertebral or craniohorizontal angles (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u20090.05). No adverse events were observed in any intervention group.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This trial found no substantial superiority between interventions. Exercise\u2010based therapies (JE and JP) and OS similarly improved pain, mouth opening, and oral parafunctions in bruxism patients, with no postural changes. Further studies should explore long\u2010term effects in diverse populations.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Trial Registration:<\/jats:bold> <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\">ClinicalTrials.gov<\/jats:ext-link> identifier: NCT05555628<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/joor.14027","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T23:54:23Z","timestamp":1747266863000},"page":"1629-1640","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Jaw Exercise Versus Jaw &amp; Posture Exercise Therapies in Comparison to Occlusal Splint Effectiveness in Probable Sleep Bruxism: A Randomised Controlled Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"52","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3248-0638","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gul Oznur","family":"Karabicak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Ayd\u0131n Adnan Menderes University  Aydin Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8280-8577","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"G\u00f6knil","family":"Alkan Demeto\u011flu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Dentistry, Departmant of Prosthodontics Ayd\u0131n Adnan Menderes University  Ayd\u0131n Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4822-7303","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gokhan","family":"Ozkan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Dentistry, Departmant of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology Ayd\u0131n Adnan Menderes University  Ayd\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3432-6431","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gurkan","family":"Gunaydin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Ayd\u0131n Adnan Menderes University  Aydin Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2843-077X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sercan","family":"\u00d6nal Aykar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Ayd\u0131n Adnan Menderes University  Aydin Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8652-2122","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u00d6zge Ece","family":"G\u00fcnayd\u0131n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Ayd\u0131n Adnan Menderes University  Aydin Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/joor.12663"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.61872\/sdj-2018-02-369"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.14-0970"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmpt.2017.10.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598\u2010020\u201064615\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2024.10.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/NSS.S268470"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2019.08.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/14799731211052301"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41415\u2010020\u20101250\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2020.06.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/joor.12628"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci11020146"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11607\/ofph.3037"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17219\/dmp\/156400"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ijcp.14902"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08869634.2020.1812817"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","volume-title":"The International Classification of Sleep Disorders, Revised: Diagnostic and Coding Manual","author":"American Sleep Disorders Association","year":"2005"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Massage, Relaxation and Exercise in Bruxism: Is There Difference? 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