{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T08:10:40Z","timestamp":1783930240680,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777939200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777939200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003803","name":"University of Hong Kong","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003803","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Oral Rehabilitation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The swallowing biomechanics may be modulated by cortical stimulation through transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) or sensory stimulation through oral capsaicinoids. However, the effects of combining these techniques remain relatively unexplored.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This pilot study investigated the effects of tDCS combined with oral capsaicinoids on swallowing function.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Twenty\u2010one healthy individuals (mean age\u2009=\u200925.8\u2009\u00b1\u20099.9\u2009years; 7 males, 14 females) received two experimental conditions: (1) anodal tDCS and oral capsaicinoids, and (2) sham tDCS and oral capsaicinoids. The experimental conditions were randomized in order and conducted at least 1\u2009week apart. Anodal and sham tDCS were applied over the right pharyngeal motor cortex at 1\u2009mA for 20\u2009min and 30\u2009s\u00a0respectively. A 15\u2010min break was given after tDCS, after which participants drank 150\u2009mL of 10\u2009\u03bcM capsaicinoid\u2010containing solution. Swallowing function was assessed using the timed water swallow test (TWST) before, immediately after and 15\u2009min after each experimental condition.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The baseline volume per swallow, duration per swallow and swallowing capacity, as assessed by TWST, were comparable between the two conditions. Combined anodal tDCS and oral capsaicinoids significantly increased the volume per swallow compared with combined sham tDCS and oral capsaicinoids (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.003). There were no significant effects of intervention on duration per swallow or swallowing capacity between the two conditions.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We found that combined anodal tDCS and oral capsaicinoids increased the volume per swallow, suggesting potential changes in swallowing biomechanics. The findings imply that cortical stimulation may enhance the effects of peripheral sensory stimulation on the swallowing system.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/joor.70214","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T05:55:38Z","timestamp":1778046938000},"page":"1543-1549","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effects of Combined Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation and Oral Capsaicinoids on Swallowing Function: A Randomized Controlled Trial"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"53","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5853-7976","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ivy","family":"Cheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Academic Unit of Human Communication, Learning, and Development, Faculty of Education University of Hong Kong  Pokfulam Hong Kong"},{"name":"Centre for Gastrointestinal Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health University of Manchester  Manchester UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9858-6756","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sonja","family":"Suntrup\u2010Kr\u00fcger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Biomagnetism and Biosignal Analysis University of M\u00fcnster  M\u00fcnster Germany"},{"name":"Department of Neurology University Hospital M\u00fcnster  M\u00fcnster Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2022.120434"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02407121"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.1982.62.1.129"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-001-0113-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.14998"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/joor.13274"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1196\u20101217"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0016\u20105085(98)70081\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ner.13327"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.14220"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.2000.t01-1-00633.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/wnl.57.10.1899"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00294.2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2013.06.055"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics11030461"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.13887"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1070766"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature02196"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13311\u2010020\u201000996\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1756284819842043"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2017.06.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/89.2.109"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.01312.2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(74)90884-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006\u20108993(69)90313\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469\u20107793.1998.857bv.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.1997.272.4.G802"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(95)90628-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460\u20109568.2006.04676.x"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","first-page":"14","article-title":"The Timed Water Test of Swallowing: Reliability, Validity, and Normative Data From Indian Population","volume":"15","author":"Sarve A. 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