{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T09:48:47Z","timestamp":1791625727142,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784764800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784764800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Oral Rehabilitation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Psychosocial and behavioural factors shape temporomandibular disorders (TMDs), yet integrated phenotyping in Southeast Asian young adults remains limited. University students, a vulnerable subgroup of young adults, face heightened risk.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To identify latent psychosocial\u2013behavioural classes in this cohort and assess associations with sociodemographic factors and TMD severity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A cross\u2010sectional study of participants aged 18\u201330\u2009years used validated instruments to assess distress (Patient Health Questionnaire\u20104; PHQ\u20104), somatic symptoms (PHQ\u201015), oral behaviours (Oral Behaviours Checklist; OBC), and TMDs (Short\u2010form Fonseca Anamnestic Index; SFAI). Latent class analysis (LCA) was performed on PHQ\u20104, PHQ\u201015, and OBC scores, estimating one\u2010 to five\u2010class models. Class differences were tested using\n                      <jats:italic>\u03c7<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      and Kruskal\u2013Wallis\/Dunn's procedures. Predictors of class membership were evaluated using multinomial logistic regression (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Three classes emerged: Resilient (56.1%), Moderate\u2010Vulnerability (30.4%), and High\u2010Risk (13.5%). TMD prevalence was highest in High\u2010Risk (45.0%), intermediate in Moderate\u2010Vulnerability (25.6%), and lowest in Resilient (10.0%). Depression (OR\u2009=\u200912.34), anxiety (OR\u2009=\u200913.03), somatic burden (OR\u2009=\u20094.91), and oral behaviours (sleeping\u2010state OR\u2009=\u20091.77; waking\u2010state non\u2010functional OR\u2009=\u20091.70; waking\u2010state functional OR\u2009=\u20091.44) significantly predicted High\u2010Risk membership. Sociodemographic factors and TMD severity differentiated classes descriptively but lacked predictive strength.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>LCA delineated three psychosocial\u2013behavioural phenotypes, with depression, anxiety, and somatic burden most strongly defining High\u2010Risk membership, and oral behaviours adding incremental risk. Findings underscore upstream psychosocial\u2013behavioural determinants as key prevention targets, while downstream outcomes guide tailored interventions in young adults.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/joor.70267","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T04:16:29Z","timestamp":1784866589000},"page":"2140-2149","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Psychosocial\u2013Behavioural Phenotypes and Temporomandibular Disorder Risk: Insights From a Latent Class Analysis in Southeast Asian Young Adults"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"53","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0361-6209","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adrian Ujin","family":"Yap","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Dentistry, Ng Teng Fong General Hospital, National University Centre for Oral Health, and Faculty of Dentistry National University Health System  Singapore Singapore"},{"name":"National Dental Research Institute Singapore, National Dental Centre Singapore and Duke\u2010NUS Medical School Singapore Health Services  Singapore Singapore"},{"name":"Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry Universiti Malaya  Kuala Lumpur Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8847-8786","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abd Aziz","family":"Alias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry Universiti Malaya  Kuala Lumpur Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9889-3526","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Siew Wui","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry Universiti Malaya  Kuala Lumpur Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0904-2501","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kathreena","family":"Kadir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry Universiti Malaya  Kuala Lumpur Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9160-9625","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zuraiza Mohamad","family":"Zaini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry Universiti Malaya  Kuala Lumpur Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","volume-title":"Temporomandibular Disorders: Priorities for Research and Care","author":"National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.22514\/jofph.2025.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13005\u2010025\u201000522\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/joor.13527"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/joor.13226"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jopr.12704"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/joor.13779"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034516653743"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2020.590779"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.22514\/jofph.2024.037"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/joor.13570"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41432\u2010023\u201000911\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784\u2010024\u201005730\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare12050575"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/joor.70067"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/s13428\u2010025\u201002812\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.6007\/IJARBSS\/v12\u2010i14\/15818"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2019.103208"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.psy.50.6.613"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006842\u2010200203000\u201000008"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","first-page":"306","article-title":"Oral Behaviors Checklist: Reliability of Performance in Targeted Waking\u2010State Behaviors","volume":"20","author":"Markiewicz M. 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