{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T05:59:32Z","timestamp":1790143172980,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790035200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790035200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007129","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ZR2024QH491"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZR2024QH491"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007129","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Oral Rehabilitation"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sleep bruxism (SB) is a centrally regulated, arousal\u2010related motor behaviour, but no pharmacotherapy has demonstrated reliable clinical efficacy. This study aimed to identify pathway\u2010level signals most consistently supported by current polysomnography (PSG)\u2010based pharmacotherapy evidence for SB.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We performed an evidence\u2010anchored bioinformatic analysis of six drugs evaluated in randomized or controlled. Drugs were classified as effective or not\u2010supported according to prespecified clinical efficacy criteria. Human pharmacodynamic targets were curated from GtoPdb and DrugBank, with precursor\u2010derived metabolite targets excluded. Target convergence and Effective\u2010versus\u2010Not\u2010supported contrasts were assessed using enrichment analyses with sensitivity testing across drug classification, enrichment background and retention thresholds.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Thirty\u2010one curated pharmacodynamic targets converged on monoaminergic and GABA\u2010A receptor systems, including adrenergic, dopaminergic, serotonergic and GABA\u2010A receptor signalling. The Effective\u2010versus\u2010Not\u2010supported contrast retained 14 Effective\u2010side terms, all driven by \u03b1\u2010adrenergic receptors (ADRA1A\/1B\/1D and ADRA2A\/2B\/2C). Dopamine\u2010receptor enrichment was present in the broader target profile but was not retained in the efficacy contrast. Precursor\u2010aware curation further showed that levodopa contributed to GPR143 rather than direct dopamine\u2010receptor targets.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This efficacy\u2010anchored analysis generated a clonidine\u2010associated \u03b1\u2010adrenergic, arousal\u2010related pharmacological signal within the limited available evidence. The findings are more consistent with a central arousal\u2010related hypothesis for SB pharmacotherapy than with a single motor\u2010target or dopamine\u2010driven treatment model, but require confirmation in contemporary PSG\u2010based clinical studies and real\u2010world patient populations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/joor.70316","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T04:59:40Z","timestamp":1790139580000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A Clonidine\u2010Associated \u03b1\u2010Adrenergic Hypothesis in Sleep Bruxism Pharmacotherapy: An Evidence\u2010Anchored Target Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4216-0240","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Deshui","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine Shandong University &amp; Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases &amp; Shandong Engineering Research Center of Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration &amp; Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases  Jinan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shanliang","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine  Nanjing Jiangsu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine Shandong University &amp; Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases &amp; Shandong Engineering Research Center of Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration &amp; Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases  Jinan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-6525-7059","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaojia","family":"Ci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine Shandong University &amp; Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases &amp; Shandong Engineering Research Center of Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration &amp; Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases  Jinan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-1214-8664","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiayi","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine Shandong University &amp; Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases &amp; Shandong Engineering Research Center of Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration &amp; Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases  Jinan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6827-8293","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fulan","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine Shandong University &amp; 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