{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T05:30:20Z","timestamp":1790573420783,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,19]],"date-time":"2013-03-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1363651200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Oral Pathology Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RAS<\/jats:styled-content>) is one of the most common oral mucosal diseases in many parts of the world. However, there is very limited published clinical evidence for the therapies used in this condition. This could be partly due to the difficulty in evaluating the efficacy of oral ulcer treatment objectively. In this paper, we present a method for assessing and monitoring the severity of oral ulcers before and after treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Six ulcer characteristics, number, size, duration, ulcer\u2010free period, site and pain, were used to generate an ulcer severity score (USS). The scores for 223 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RAS<\/jats:styled-content> patients were determined, and 79 were scored again after 3\u2010month therapy with topical betamethasone.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The scores for the minor <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RAS<\/jats:styled-content> group were between 18 and 43 (mean 29.2\u00a0\u00b1\u00a05.3). The mean score in the major ulcers group (range: 28\u201360, mean 39.9\u00a0\u00b1\u00a06.1) was significantly greater than in the minor group (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001). The herpetiform recurrent ulcers score range was wide (range: 18\u201357, mean 36.6\u00a0\u00b1\u00a08.4). The mean severity score decreased significantly after treatment (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">USS<\/jats:styled-content> was indicative of the disease activity in recurrent oral ulceration. It helped in assessing the efficacy of therapy, as the change in the numerical score reflected the change in ulcer severity in response to treatment. This tool may well prove to be of value in clinical management, research and in clinical trials.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jop.12059","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,19]],"date-time":"2013-03-19T12:00:23Z","timestamp":1363694423000},"page":"635-641","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":55,"title":["Clinical assessment of disease severity in recurrent aphthous stomatitis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Anwar R.","family":"Tappuni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry Institute of Dentistry Queen Mary University of London London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tatjana","family":"Kovacevic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dental Institute King's College London, Guys Hospital London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Penelope J.","family":"Shirlaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dental Institute King's College London, Guys Hospital London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen J.","family":"Challacombe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dental Institute King's College London, Guys Hospital London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","first-page":"630","article-title":"Prevalence of recurrent herpes labialis and aphthous ulcers among young adults on six continents","volume":"113","author":"Embil JA","year":"1975","journal-title":"Can Med Assoc J"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0528.1976.tb00974.x-i1"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0528.1991.tb00106.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bdj.4805734"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","first-page":"515","article-title":"Autoimmunity in oral diseases, with special reference to recurrent oral ulceration","volume":"61","author":"Lehner T","year":"1968","journal-title":"Proc R Soc Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.1999.tb02023.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3349\/ymj.1997.38.6.370"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0007-117X(77)90006-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.1983.tb00339.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bdj.4806174"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.1991.tb00950.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0030-4220(88)90064-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.1978.tb01612.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.1994.tb01108.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1079-2104(97)90009-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0030-4220(78)80008-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","first-page":"55","article-title":"The effect of an oxygenating agent upon recurrent aphthous stomatitis \u2010 a double\u2010blind clinical trial","volume":"5","author":"Miller MF","year":"1980","journal-title":"Pharmacol Ther Dent"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bdj.4806042"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bdj.4808250"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1601-0825.2002.00022.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2007.08106.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2012.05.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(79)90138-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(94)70211-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(82)90017-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.1978.tb01607.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ebd.6400901"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jop.12015"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2842.2001.00727.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(83)90127-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.37.4.378"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_33_1","first-page":"368","article-title":"Oral ulceration: when to treat, refer or ignore","volume":"18","author":"Challacombe SJ","year":"1991","journal-title":"Dent Update"}],"container-title":["Journal of Oral Pathology &amp; 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