{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]],"date-time":"2025-10-30T22:26:33Z","timestamp":1761863193316},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,23]],"date-time":"2013-04-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1366675200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"TUA"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Oral Pathology Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Impairment of cellular immunity is reported in lichen planus, an autoimmune disease affecting mucosae and skin. Our aim was to investigate immune responses directed against a set of microbial antigens in patients with oral lichen planus and in matched controls.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Venous blood was obtained, and the mononuclear cells were enriched by density gradient centrifugation. The proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells was assessed, following stimulation with purified protein derivative (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PPD<\/jats:styled-content>), <jats:italic>Candida albicans<\/jats:italic>, phytohemagglutinin or when cells were left unstimulated, after three or six days of cell culture. The production of interleukin\u20101\u00df (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101\u00df), <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20102, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20104, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20105, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20106, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201010, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201012, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201013, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201017, interferon\u2010\u03b3 (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IFN<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010\u03b3), tumour necrosis factor\u2010\u03b1 (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TNF<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010\u03b1), G\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CSF<\/jats:styled-content>,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> GM<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CSF<\/jats:styled-content>,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> MCP<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MIP<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010\u00df was assessed in supernatants using the Bio\u2010plex<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup> assay and was complemented with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ELISA<\/jats:styled-content> for selected cytokines.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients with oral lichen planus demonstrated reduced proliferative responses against <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PPD<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05) and <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>. albicans<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05). The majority of investigated cytokines, including the pro\u2010inflammatory, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IFN<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010\u03b3 and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TNF<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010\u03b1 were expressed at reduced levels in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PPD<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010stimulated supernatants from patients with oral lichen planus.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Collectively, the findings suggested that memory lymphocytes from patients with oral lichen planus (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OLP<\/jats:styled-content>) may have an impaired functional ability to react against certain recall antigens, as part of a generalized response, which may reflect immune regulatory processes. Further studies are needed to clarify the mechanisms of down\u2010regulation in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OLP<\/jats:styled-content> pathogenesis and progression.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jop.12069","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,23]],"date-time":"2013-04-23T10:27:44Z","timestamp":1366712864000},"page":"691-697","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Reduced immune responses to purified protein derivative and <i><scp>C<\/scp>andida albicans<\/i> in oral lichen planus"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Charlotte","family":"Simark\u2010Mattsson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cariology Institute of Odontology The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden"},{"name":"Public Dental Health Service V\u00e4stra G\u00f6taland University Clinics Gothenburg Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christina","family":"Eklund","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology Institute of Odontology The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0528.1987.tb00480.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.2008.00662.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1079-2104(99)70057-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/154411130201300503"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/154411130201300405"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2004.06.077"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2004.11.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0714.2000.290804.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004030050234"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0714.2003.00077.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0022-202X.2003.22108.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12606990"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-0825.2009.01608.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm804"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1085-5629(97)80018-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.1992.tb00972.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00372704"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345990780110701"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0714.2003.00125.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","first-page":"109","article-title":"Lymphocyte activation in oral lichen planus","volume":"85","author":"Malmstr\u00f6m M","year":"1989","journal-title":"Proc Finn Dent Soc"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","first-page":"33","article-title":"PHA stimulation of peripheral blood lymphocytes in oral lichen planus. 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