{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]],"date-time":"2026-06-12T11:41:09Z","timestamp":1781264469533,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,21]],"date-time":"2013-10-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1382313600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Oral Pathology Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Context<\/jats:title><jats:p>Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is the most common oral mucosal disease. However, the available therapies for RAS only relieve symptoms and do not provide a cure.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study assessed the response to treatment with levamisole and low\u2010dose prednisolone drug combination in patients with RAS.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods and Material<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fifty RAS subjects were enrolled in the single\u2010blind randomized placebo\u2010controlled trial. Study medications were administered thrice daily for 3 consecutive days\/week for 3 consecutive weeks. Patients in Group 1 received placebo, Group 2 received levamisole (50\u00a0mg) and Group 3 received levamisole (50\u00a0mg) and low\u2010dose prednisolone (5\u00a0mg). Patients were followed up for 60\u00a0days after treatment. Response to treatment was assessed using the following clinical parameters: pain due to ulcers, number of ulcers\/episode, size of ulcers, duration of ulcers, and frequency of ulcers (episodes\/month). Statistical analysis used: Mann\u2013Whitney <jats:italic>U<\/jats:italic>\u2010test.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A statistically significant improvement was noted in all parameters except for the size of ulcers in patients treated with levamisole alone and with combination of levamisole and low\u2010dose prednisolone. There was no statistically significant improvement in the placebo group. Both active groups had significantly better improvement when compared to placebo group, while there was no significant difference between the two active groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Levamisole alone and combination of levamisole and low\u2010dose prednisolone are effective modes of therapy for RAS.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jop.12126","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,21]],"date-time":"2013-10-21T10:46:45Z","timestamp":1382352405000},"page":"309-316","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Levamisole and low\u2010dose prednisolone in the treatment of reccurent aphthous stomatitis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Neelkamal","family":"Sharda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Oral Medicine and Radiology Manav Rachna Dental College Faridabad India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.C.","family":"Shashikanth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oral Medicine and Radiology Rungta College of Dental Sciences and Research Bhilai India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Priyanka","family":"Kant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oral Medicine and Radiology Manav Rachna Dental College Faridabad India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manika","family":"Jain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oral Medicine and Radiology Shri Bankey Bihari Dental College Ghaziabad India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/ijom.2002.0446"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1079-2104(96)80403-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/S1042-3699(20)30930-4","article-title":"Differential diagnosis and treatment of ulcerative, erosive, and vesiculobullous lesions of the oral mucosa","volume":"10","author":"Reich RF","year":"1998","journal-title":"Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics of North America"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.2012.01134.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1079-2104(97)90009-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bdj.4805734"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-0825.2005.01143.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-0825.2011.01840.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","first-page":"201","article-title":"Selecting topical and systemic agents for recurrent aphthous stomatitis","volume":"68","author":"Elsen D","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cutis"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.1994.tb01108.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","first-page":"140","article-title":"Levamisole in recurrent aphthous stomatitis","volume":"80","author":"Dash R","year":"1983","journal-title":"JIMA"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","first-page":"161","article-title":"Therapeutic evaluation of Levamisole in recurrent aphthous stomatitis","volume":"38","author":"Zissis NP","year":"1983","journal-title":"J Oral Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0714.2003.00096.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1079-2104(98)90370-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0030-4220(76)90311-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.1978.tb01610.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.1978.tb01608.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","first-page":"559","article-title":"Relapsing polychondritis associated with recurrent oral ulceration","volume":"11","author":"Prentice RL","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.1978.tb01609.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.1978.tb01605.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.1978.tb01611.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0030-4220(78)90523-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.6062.671"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jop.12059"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2003.08.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.1978.tb01607.x"}],"container-title":["Journal of Oral Pathology &amp; 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