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However, the role of cancer stem cell has not been well elucidated in tongue squamous cell carcinoma (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TSCC<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ). The objective of this study was to investigate the relationships between the expressions of stem cell markers and the prognosis of\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TSCC<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Immunohistochemistry was employed to analyse the protein expression levels of\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ALDH<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      1,\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      44,\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OCT<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      4 and\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SOX<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      2 in 66\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TSCC<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      tissue samples. The results were then evaluated semiquantitatively and compared with other clinicopathological variables.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Immunohistochemistry revealed that the\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ALDH<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      1,\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      44,\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OCT<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      4 and\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SOX<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      2 proteins were overexpressed in the 66\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TSCC<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      specimens used in this study. Spearman's correlation analysis showed that the expressions of\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ALDH<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      1 and\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      44 were significantly correlated with\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SOX<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      2 except other proteins (\n                      <jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;\n                      <jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n                      0.05) and that\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OCT<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      4 and\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SOX<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      2 were significantly related (\n                      <jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;\n                      <jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n                      0.01). Kaplan\u2013Meier analysis revealed that T category, node metastasis,\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TNM<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      stage, differentiation and distant metastasis were associated with poor patient survival (\n                      <jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;\n                      <jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n                      0.05). Multivariate Cox regression analysis demonstrated that\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SOX<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      2, recurrence and distant metastasis were independent prognostic factors of overall survival in patients with\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TSCC<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Taken together, these data suggest that the stem cell markers\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ALDH<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      1,\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      44,\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OCT<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      4 and\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SOX<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      2 are closely related in\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TSCC<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      , and the expression of\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SOX<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      2 can be used as a prognostic indicator of\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TSCC<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jop.12159","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,23]],"date-time":"2014-01-23T06:56:04Z","timestamp":1390460164000},"page":"492-498","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":83,"title":["Correlation of\n                    <scp>ALDH<\/scp>\n                    1,\n                    <scp>CD<\/scp>\n                    44,\n                    <scp>OCT<\/scp>\n                    4 and\n                    <scp>SOX<\/scp>\n                    2 in tongue squamous cell carcinoma and their association with disease progression and prognosis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Cong\u2010Fa","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology &amp; Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education School and Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University Wuhan China"},{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery School of Stomatology Wuhan University Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao\u2010Rong","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology &amp; Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education School and Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tian\u2010Fu","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology &amp; Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education School and Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhi\u2010Jun","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology &amp; Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education School and Hospital of Stomatology Wuhan University Wuhan China"},{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery School of Stomatology Wuhan University Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wen\u2010Feng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery School of Stomatology Wuhan University Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra0707975"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0038047"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm2319"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jop.12073"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/path.2826"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)81769-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2011.07.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4161\/cbt.9.4.10666"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2012.33"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2443.2010.01400.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms13067663"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/bgp232"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm1744"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2005.08.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","volume-title":"International Union Against Cancer (UICC): TNM classification of malignant tumors","author":"Sobin LH","year":"2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","first-page":"168","volume-title":"World Health Organization classification of tumours. 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