{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T06:26:03Z","timestamp":1773296763023,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,11]],"date-time":"2015-02-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1423612800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Serbian Ministry of Science and Technological Development","award":["OP 175071"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["OP 175071"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Oral Pathology Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Interleukin\u201033 (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201033) is a recently identified cytokine belonging to the<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101 family and ligand for the<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101 receptor\u2010related protein<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ST<\/jats:styled-content>2.<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content><jats:bold>\u2010<\/jats:bold>33\/ST2 signaling plays a critical role in allergy, autoimmunity, and chronic inflammatory disorders, but its role in the pathogenesis of periapical lesions is unknown. We aimed to investigate the expression patterns of<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201033 and<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ST<\/jats:styled-content>2 in human periapical lesions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Periapical lesions (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a036) and healthy periapical tissues (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a010) were evaluated by immunohistochemistry using antibodies specific for human<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201033 and<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ST<\/jats:styled-content>2. Lesion samples were further analyzed by double immunofluorescence to assess<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201033\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ST<\/jats:styled-content>2 co\u2010expression.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The numbers of<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201033\u2010 and<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ST<\/jats:styled-content>2\u2010positive fibroblasts were significantly higher in periapical lesions compared to healthy periapical tissues (both<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05), while the numbers of<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201033\u2010 and<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ST<\/jats:styled-content>2\u2010positive endothelial cells were similar (both<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&gt;\u00a00.05). There were no significant differences in the numbers of<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201033\u2010 and<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ST<\/jats:styled-content>2\u2010positive fibroblasts and endothelial cells between periapical granulomas and radicular cysts (all<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&gt;\u00a00.05). Similarly, numbers of<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ST<\/jats:styled-content>2\u2010positive mononuclear cells did not differ between periapical granulomas and radicular cysts (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&gt;\u00a00.05). The majority of epithelial cells in radicular cysts were<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201033 positive, while the small proportion of epithelial cells was<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ST<\/jats:styled-content>2 positive. Double immunofluorescence analysis revealed<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201033\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ST<\/jats:styled-content>2 co\u2010expression in fibroblasts and endothelial cells.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201033 and<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ST<\/jats:styled-content>2 are expressed in periapical granulomas and radicular cysts. Increased numbers of<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201033\u2010 and<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ST<\/jats:styled-content>2\u2010positive fibroblasts in periapical lesions when compared to healthy periapical tissues suggest that<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201033\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ST<\/jats:styled-content>2 signaling may be involved in periapical inflammation and tissue fibrosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jop.12312","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,13]],"date-time":"2015-02-13T03:46:58Z","timestamp":1423799218000},"page":"70-76","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Expression of interleukin\u201033 and its receptor<scp>ST<\/scp>2 in periapical granulomas and radicular cysts"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Milena","family":"Velickovic","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for 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