{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T11:31:03Z","timestamp":1781091063965,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,5]],"date-time":"2016-07-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1467676800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Oral Pathology Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Oral mucositis (OM) is a common complication of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of treating 5\u2010fluorouracil\u2010induced OM with apigenin and dexamethasone.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirty\u2010six male Syrian hamsters were randomly assigned to one of three groups: control (50% acetic acid + 5\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FU<\/jats:styled-content>), 50% acetic acid + 5\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FU<\/jats:styled-content> + potassium Apigenin (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">KA<\/jats:styled-content>), and 50% acetic acid + 5\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FU<\/jats:styled-content> + dexamethasone. The animals from each group were sacrificed 5, 7, 10, and 14 days after inducing the mucositis, and two samples collected from each animal, accounting a total of 72 samples. Macroscopic changes were assessed by histomorphometric analysis, with ulcers being assessed by imaging analysis and the number of inflammatory cells in the ulcerated region quantified in all periods through histomorphometric analysis (H&amp;E). Furthermore, immunohistochemical changes were evaluated by proliferating cell nuclear antigen.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>All groups presented an increased inflammatory infiltrate after 7 days, compared to other evaluation times (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> \u2265 0.05). There was significant difference between apigenin and control group in the 10\u2010days period. Lower quantity of inflammatory cells in the apigenin\u2010treated group in comparison with control group in the 7\u2010 and 10\u2010days periods was observed (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05). No statistically significant difference was verified among the groups in 5\u2010 and 14\u2010days periods. The healing process of the control group was slower than that of apigenin and dexamethasone\u2010treated groups, with an overall significant difference between apigenin and the control group in the 10\u2010days period.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Apigenin treatment may enhance healing of OM induced by 5\u2010fluorouracil, thus suggesting that more extensive research in this area may be useful to assess the role of agents of natural origin capable of preventing OM. Hence, further studies involving broader samples are need to confirm the therapeutic potential shown by this study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jop.12473","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,5]],"date-time":"2016-07-05T07:05:38Z","timestamp":1467702338000},"page":"142-147","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["The therapeutic effects of apigenin and dexamethasone on 5\u2010fluorouracil\u2010induced oral mucositis \u2013 a pilot study using a Syrian hamster model"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Patricia","family":"Molina Prats","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Medicine Ageing Research Institute Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry University of Murcia Murcia Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francisco","family":"G\u00f3mez Garcia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathologic Anatomy Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry University of Murcia Murcia Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francisco","family":"Martinez Diaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathologic Anatomy Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry University of Murcia Murcia Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7628-8598","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rui","family":"Amaral Mendes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences Case Western Reserve University Cleveland OH USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pia","family":"Lopez\u2010 Jornet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Medicine Ageing Research Institute Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry University of Murcia Murcia 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