{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T22:07:54Z","timestamp":1785362874424,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,6]],"date-time":"2016-08-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1470441600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003621","name":"Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2013K1A3A9A01044071"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2013K1A3A9A01044071"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003621","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Oral Pathology Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Oral submucous fibrosis (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OSF<\/jats:styled-content>) is a chronic progressive disease of the oral cavity that is considered a common potentially malignant disorder in South Asia. Areca nut chewing is the main etiological factor, but its carcinogenic mechanism has yet to be proven. The purpose of this study was to identify the useful biomarkers in predicting high\u2010risk patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OSF<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirty\u2010six cases of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OSF<\/jats:styled-content> and six cases of normal oral mucosa (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NOM<\/jats:styled-content>) were used for this study. Immunohistochemical staining was performed for Ki67, cyclin D1, p16, p53, \u03b2\u2010catenin, c\u2010Jun, c\u2010Met, and insulin\u2010like growth factor <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">II mRNA<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010binding protein 3 (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IMP<\/jats:styled-content>3). The expression patterns of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NOM<\/jats:styled-content> served as guidelines for the scoring system.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The expression of Ki67, cyclin D1, c\u2010Met, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IMP<\/jats:styled-content>3, and \u03b2\u2010catenin showed a significant difference between <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OSF<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NOM<\/jats:styled-content> samples. The combined biomarkers of Ki67 and p16 showed significantly different expression between the transformation and non\u2010transformation groups. With discriminant analysis, we proposed a noble formula and cutoff value for predicting high\u2010risk patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OSF<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The notable biomarkers in our present study were Ki67 and p16 showing significantly different expression levels between the transformation and non\u2010transformation groups. With the identification of high\u2010risk patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OSF<\/jats:styled-content>, we can expect to develop more intensive treatment modalities, leading to the reduction in cancer transformation rate from <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OSF<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jop.12483","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,6]],"date-time":"2016-08-06T12:44:09Z","timestamp":1470487449000},"page":"431-438","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Identification of a combined biomarker for malignant transformation in oral submucous fibrosis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Shadavlonjid","family":"Bazarsad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Pathology Oral Cancer Research Institute Yonsei University College of Dentistry Seoul South Korea"},{"name":"Dental School Mongolian National University of Medical Science Ulaanbaatar Mongolia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xianglan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Pathology Oral Cancer Research Institute Yonsei University College of Dentistry Seoul South Korea"},{"name":"Department of Pathology Yanbian University Hospital Yanji China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ki\u2010Yeol","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Pathology Oral Cancer Research Institute Yonsei University College of Dentistry Seoul South Korea"},{"name":"Brain Korea 21 Plus Project Yonsei University College of Dentistry Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rasika","family":"Illeperuma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Laboratory Science Faculty of Allied Health Sciences University of Peradeniya Peradeniya Sri Lanka"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruwan D","family":"Jayasinghe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Medicine &amp; Periodontology Faculty of Dental Sciences University of Peradeniya Peradeniya Sri Lanka"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wanninayake M","family":"Tilakaratne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Pathology Faculty of Dental Sciences University of Peradeniya Peradeniya Sri Lanka"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Pathology Oral Cancer Research Institute Yonsei University College of Dentistry Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oraloncology.2005.08.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjoms.2012.08.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10006-010-0225-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.2007.00523.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-07-2908"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/bgt012"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1368-8375(01)00060-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","first-page":"5050","article-title":"Higher frequency of alterations in the p16\/CDKN2 gene in squamous cell carcinoma cell lines than in primary tumors of the head and neck","volume":"54","author":"Zhang SY","year":"1994","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1095-210"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.55.2.98"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oraloncology.2014.06.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfma.2010.11.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/onc.2013.138"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0b013e31823272d4"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.2006.00485.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/mutage\/geh036"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdh299"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djr393"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.28754"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0973-029X.84478"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-009-0446-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0b013e3182319750"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0722.2010.00747.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0904-2512.2004.00118.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1309\/3QLC-5MF1-JYXU-A5XX"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6601124"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1368-8375(98)00024-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2013.54.5228"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_30_1","first-page":"224","article-title":"Oral submucous fibrosis as a precancerous condition","volume":"92","author":"Pindborg JJ","year":"1984","journal-title":"Scand J Dent Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.1998.tb01940.x"}],"container-title":["Journal of Oral Pathology &amp; 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