{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T21:29:24Z","timestamp":1774560564421,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,6]],"date-time":"2017-04-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1491436800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Oral Pathology Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a T\u2010cell\u2010mediated inflammatory disease; however, its exact etiology is unknown. Hyperkeratosis is often observed in OLP lesions. Previous studies have revealed the localization of <jats:italic>Mycoplasma salivarium<\/jats:italic> in the epithelial cells of oral leukoplakia with hyperkeratosis. Herein, we investigated the presence of <jats:italic>M.\u00a0salivarium<\/jats:italic> in OLP tissue by immunohistochemistry to determine the causative factor of OLP.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Forty\u2010one formalin\u2010fixed, paraffin\u2010embedded samples obtained from 31 patients with OLP were examined. Ten samples of normal\u2010appearing oral mucosa were used as controls. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed using anti\u2010<jats:italic>M.\u00a0salivarium<\/jats:italic> monoclonal antibodies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results and Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Mycoplasma salivarium<\/jats:italic> was detected in the epithelium and lymphocyte infiltrate area in 24 of 41 OLP samples (58.5%). The bacteria were intracellularly localized in epithelial cells, while it was unclear whether they were also localized in lymphocyte cells or in the extracellular spaces among the lymphocytes in the subepithelial lymphocyte infiltrate area. Little or no staining was observed in the epithelium in the normal\u2010appearing mucosa samples. Sawtooth rete ridge formation was observed in 21 OLP samples (51.2%), and a significant positive correlation between sawtooth rete ridge formation and IHC positivity was demonstrated. However, the role of <jats:italic>M.\u00a0salivarium<\/jats:italic> in the epithelium and lamina propria of OLP tissue remains unknown.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jop.12568","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,10]],"date-time":"2017-03-10T15:29:31Z","timestamp":1489159771000},"page":"649-656","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Immunohistochemical detection of <i>Mycoplasma salivarium<\/i> in\u00a0oral lichen planus tissue"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"46","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2704-0857","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Harumi","family":"Mizuki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstructive Surgery School of Dentistry Iwate Medical University Morioka Iwate Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ryosuke","family":"Abe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstructive Surgery School of Dentistry Iwate Medical University Morioka Iwate Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shintaro","family":"Kogi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstructive Surgery School of Dentistry Iwate Medical University Morioka Iwate Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Toshinari","family":"Mikami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology Department of Pathology Iwate Medical University Morioka Iwate Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-0825.2005.01142.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0030-4220(68)90194-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4317\/medoral.16983"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1016\/S1042-3699(20)30765-2","article-title":"Clinicopathologic patterns of oral lichenoid lesions","volume":"6","author":"Eisenberg E","year":"1994","journal-title":"Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0714.2003.00125.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2016.05.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/10454411980090010501"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.12918"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5154.147830"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2004.06.077"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0030-4220(90)90241-J"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ijos.2013.30"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep29186"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1034","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.23.6.1034-1038.1986","article-title":"Enumeration, isolation, and species identification of mycoplasmas in saliva sampled from the normal and pathological human oral cavity and antibody response to an oral mycoplasma (Mycoplasma salivarium)","volume":"23","author":"Watanabe T","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/123.1.16"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jop.12215"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","first-page":"494","article-title":"Oral lichen planus: clinical presentation and management","volume":"68","author":"Edwards PC","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Can Dent Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archoralbio.2013.04.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-0825.2010.01670.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.12126"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.1973.tb01673.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.1976.tb01776.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1834-7819.1980.tb03682.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri.2016.58"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/omi.12117"}],"container-title":["Journal of Oral Pathology &amp; 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