{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,18]],"date-time":"2026-07-18T10:44:00Z","timestamp":1784371440854,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,8]],"date-time":"2017-08-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1502150400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Oral Pathology Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,10]]},"abstract":"Background<\/jats:title>Chronic periapical lesions (CPL<\/jats:styled-content>s) are common lesions of the oral cavity and are the result of caries, tooth fracture, iatrogenic causes, or factors causing contamination and pulp necrosis. Inflammatory cells participate in the expansion of CPL<\/jats:styled-content>s by releasing factors that stimulate or inhibit osteolytic activity. The objective of this study was to investigate the participation of RANKL<\/jats:styled-content>, TNF<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010\u03b1, cathepsin K, IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201033, and OPG<\/jats:styled-content> in the development of radicular cysts (RC<\/jats:styled-content>s) and periapical granulomas (PG<\/jats:styled-content>s).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>Paraffin\u2010embedded sections of 30 RC<\/jats:styled-content>s and 22 PG<\/jats:styled-content>s were submitted to immunohistochemistry.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>Immunoexpression of the proteins studied was observed in the epithelium and capsule of RC<\/jats:styled-content>s, as well as in connective tissue of PG<\/jats:styled-content>s. The expression of the osteoclastogenic factors studied differed significantly in RC<\/jats:styled-content>s and PG<\/jats:styled-content>s (P\u00a0<\/jats:italic><\u00a0.001), with lower expression of OPG<\/jats:styled-content> in RC<\/jats:styled-content>s. In PG<\/jats:styled-content>s, the lowest expression was observed for cathepsin K. Comparison of the 2 lesions showed a similar participation of RANKL<\/jats:styled-content> and IL<\/jats:styled-content>33, while a significant difference was observed for OPG<\/jats:styled-content> (P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0<\u00a0.001), TNF<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010\u03b1 (P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.002), and cathepsin K (P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.016). No association of the expression of the proteins with lesions size was observed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusions<\/jats:title>This study demonstrated the participation of RANKL<\/jats:styled-content>, TNF<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010\u03b1, IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201033, cathepsin K, and OPG<\/jats:styled-content> in the development of RC<\/jats:styled-content>s and PG<\/jats:styled-content>s, with emphasis on the highest immunoreactivity of cathepsin in RC<\/jats:styled-content>s and TNF<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010\u03b1 and OPG<\/jats:styled-content> in PG<\/jats:styled-content>s. OPG<\/jats:styled-content> possibly determines the slower growth of PG<\/jats:styled-content>s compared to RC<\/jats:styled-content>s.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jop.12618","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,21]],"date-time":"2017-07-21T14:12:46Z","timestamp":1500646366000},"page":"846-852","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Participation of osteoclastogenic factors in immunopathogenesis of human chronic periapical lesions"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"S. C. L. T.","family":"Santos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduation Program in Dentistry and Health Federal University of Bahia Salvador BA Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L. A.","family":"Couto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduation Program in Dentistry and Health Federal University of Bahia Salvador BA Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. M.","family":"Fonseca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduation Program in Dentistry and Health Federal University of Bahia Salvador BA Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F. C. A.","family":"Xavier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduation Program in Dentistry and Health Federal University of Bahia Salvador BA Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. C. L.","family":"Figueiredo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduation Program in Dentistry and Health Federal University of Bahia Salvador BA Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V. S.","family":"Freitas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduation Program in Public Health State University of Feira de Santana Feira de Santana BA Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. A.","family":"Freitas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduation Program in Oral Pathology Department of Dentistry Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte Natal RN Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. N.","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduation Program in Dentistry and Health Federal University of Bahia Salvador BA Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8591-3655","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A. C. G.","family":"Henriques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduation Program in Dentistry and Health Federal University of Bahia Salvador BA Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3402\/jom.v3i0.5304","article-title":"Review of osteoimmunology and the host response in endodontics and periodontal lesions","volume":"3","author":"Graves DT","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Oral Microbiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1678-775720140140"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","first-page":"279","article-title":"Toll\u2010like receptor 4 expression in the epithelium of inflammatory periapical lesions. 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