{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,20]],"date-time":"2026-06-20T20:37:50Z","timestamp":1781987870032,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,23]],"date-time":"2020-07-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1595462400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Oral Pathology Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Long\u2010term follow\u2010ups after receiving lycopene therapy for management of oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) are scarce. The study aimed to assess the long\u2010term efficacy of lycopene for management of OSMF symptoms.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this prospective clinical study, 400 clinically diagnosed early OSMF patients were assessed for the efficacy of lycopene in alleviation of burning sensation (BS) and reduced mouth opening (MO) symptoms in comparison to placebo. After 1\u2010year follow\u2010up, group A (lycopene group) was divided equally into group A1 and group A2. group A1 patients were retreated with lycopene and the A2 group was followed without retreatment. After 2\u2010year follow\u2010up, the Group A2 patients were advised retreatment but not followed as most of the patient did not agree for follow\u2010up. However, group A1 patients were continued to follow\u2010up every 6\u00a0months for a total three\u00a0years. Statistical analysis was by independent sample <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\u2010test and <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2010value &lt;.05 were considered as significant.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A statistically significant difference (<jats:italic>P &lt; .05<\/jats:italic>) in BS and MO was found between group A and B with lycopene showing better results. At one\u2010year follow\u2010up, a statistically significant recurrence in the symptoms was found (<jats:italic>P &lt; .05<\/jats:italic>) in the lycopene group (group A). After the second intervention, there was a statistically significant difference in the improvement of symptoms between the group A1 and A2 at 6\u00a0months and 1\u00a0year (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; .05) with group A1 (retreatment) showing better results.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Treatment with lycopene led to improvement in the symptoms of OSMF in the present study. The results highlight the importance of retreatment of lycopene for its long\u2010term effect on alleviation the symptoms of OSMF.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jop.13085","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,11]],"date-time":"2020-07-11T18:39:45Z","timestamp":1594492785000},"page":"803-808","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Long\u2010term effectiveness of lycopene in the management of oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF): A 3\u2010years follow\u2010up study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Gururaj","family":"Arakeri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Head and Neck Oncology HCG Cancer Hospital Bengaluru India"},{"name":"Department of Oral and maxillofacial Surgery Navodaya Dental College and Hospital Raichur India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shankargouda","family":"Patil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Oral Pathology Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences College of Dentistry Jazan University Jazan Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nagaraj","family":"Maddur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery ESIC Dental College and Hospital Kalaburagi India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vishal","family":"Rao US","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Head and Neck Oncology HCG Cancer Hospital Bengaluru India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anand","family":"Subash","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Head and Neck Oncology HCG Cancer Hospital Bengaluru India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shekar","family":"Patil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology HCG Cancer Hospital Bengaluru India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shan","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Suzhou Ribo Life Science Co. 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