{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T12:53:27Z","timestamp":1780577607450,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,3]],"date-time":"2022-10-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664755200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Brazilian National Council for Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004901","name":"Foundation for Research Support of the State of Minas Gerais","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004901","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Brazilian Federal Agency for the Support and Evaluation of Graduate Education","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Oral Pathology Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Chronic rhinosinusitis is a chronic inflammation of the nasal mucosa and nasal polyps are present in ~25%\u201330% of cases (chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps [CRSwNP]). CRSwNP is associated with significant morbidity and decreased quality of life, making it clinically important. Inflammation leads to DNA damage and DNA mutations occur in some inflammatory diseases. Notably, mutations in <jats:italic>KRAS<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>BRAF<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>EGFR<\/jats:italic> have been reported in different human benign and malignant neoplastic lesions. In addition, <jats:italic>KRAS<\/jats:italic> mutations have also been reported in non\u2010neoplastic tissues under chronic inflammatory conditions. Importantly, <jats:italic>KRAS<\/jats:italic> mutations have been reported in oncocytic sinonasal papillomas and sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma associated with oncocytic sinonasal papilloma and <jats:italic>EGFR<\/jats:italic> mutations have been reported in sinonasal adenocarcinoma, inverted sinonasal papilloma, and sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma associated with inverted sinonasal papilloma. The molecular pathogenesis of nasal polyps remains unclear. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the presence of <jats:italic>KRAS<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>BRAF<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>EGFR<\/jats:italic> pathogenic mutations in CRSwNP.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fourteen chronic rhinosinusitis\u2010associated nasal polyp samples were direct sequenced, targeting <jats:italic>KRAS<\/jats:italic> exons 2, 3, and 4 (encompassing important hotspot mutations, including codons 12, 13, 61 and 146), <jats:italic>BRAF<\/jats:italic> exons 11 and 15, and <jats:italic>EGFR<\/jats:italic> exons 19 and 20.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>No pathogenic mutations were detected in the sequenced regions of <jats:italic>KRAS<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>BRAF<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>EGFR<\/jats:italic> genes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This finding suggests that mutations in these genes are not a frequent event in CRSwNP, and, if they occur, they might represent marginal events at best.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jop.13356","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,18]],"date-time":"2022-09-18T10:23:40Z","timestamp":1663496620000},"page":"426-430","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps does not harbor <i>KRAS<\/i>, <i>BRAF<\/i>, and <i>EGFR<\/i> mutations"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"Tamara","family":"da Silva Vieira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Biological Sciences Institute Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais  Belo Horizonte Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Let\u00edcia Martins","family":"Guimar\u00e3es","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Biological Sciences Institute Universidade Federal 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