{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T02:52:25Z","timestamp":1772160745418,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,13]],"date-time":"2022-12-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1670889600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Oral Pathology Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Biologic agents are rapidly emerging as an effective therapy to treat autoimmune and other chronic diseases. The use of these agents is poorly characterized, resulting in a lack of guidance for dental practitioners. Case reports of oral adverse events have begun to emerge. However, their scope and frequency have not been summarized and analysed to date. The objective of this review was to characterize the literature on oral adverse effects associated with biological therapy when used for autoimmune and inflammatory disorders.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This review was developed in accordance with scoping review recommendations. Search strategies were developed and employed for six databases. Studies were selected using a systematic search process but with broad inclusion of study types given the paucity of information available. Reports of oral adverse events were analysed descriptively according to agent, mechanism of action, underlying disease, and oral adverse effect observed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our search returned 2080 articles and 51 met our inclusion criteria, of which most were case reports. The most frequent adverse effects included angioedema, oral lichenoid lesions, osteonecrosis of the jaw, and oral infections. There were also cases of oral malignancies associated with use of biologic agents. Less common effects such as pigmentation were also described.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Oral adverse events have been reported in patients on biologic therapy, albeit in small numbers to date. This limits the generalizability of these results, which should not be used to generate a clinical guideline as they are based primarily on case reports. However, this study presents the first review characterizing the adverse effects observed. Large multi\u2010center studies will be necessary to further define the oral and dental complications caused by biologic agents.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jop.13389","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,2]],"date-time":"2022-12-02T02:26:54Z","timestamp":1669948014000},"page":"1-8","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["World Workshop on Oral Medicine\n                    <scp>VII<\/scp>\n                    : Oral adverse effects to biologic agents in patients with inflammatory disorders. A scoping review"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"52","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8787-9972","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katherine","family":"France","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Medicine University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0844-8347","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sangeetha","family":"Yogarajah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Medicine Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust  London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4979-4318","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luiz Alcino","family":"Gueiros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oral Medicine Unit, Department of Clinic and Preventive Dentistry Universidade Federal de Pernambuco  Recife Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2329-3873","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Remberto","family":"Valdez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oral Medicine Unit, Department of Clinic and Preventive Dentistry Universidade Federal de Pernambuco  Recife Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4472-9974","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jacqueline W.","family":"Mays","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oral Immunobiology Unit, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research National Institutes of Health  Bethesda Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1638-9351","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rachael","family":"Posey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"William Rand Kenan, Jr. Library of Veterinary Medicine North Carolina State University  Raleigh North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9389-7918","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aimee S.","family":"Payne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6056-3273","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jane","family":"Setterfield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Medicine Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust  London UK"},{"name":"Centre for Host Microbiome Interactions (CHMI), Faculty of Dentistry, Oral &amp; 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