{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T02:52:15Z","timestamp":1772160735562,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,19]],"date-time":"2022-12-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1671408000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81771070"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81771070"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81800977"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81800977"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82270975"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82270975"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003453","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021A1515011432"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021A1515011432"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003453","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Oral Pathology Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although abnormal cell proliferation and apoptosis are associated with the pathogenesis of oral lichen planus (OLP), the exactly mechanism of which is not yet known. It has been reported that glutamine (Gln) can promote cell proliferation and inhibit apoptosis of various tumor cells. This study aims to evaluate the effect of Gln metabolism on the balance of proliferation and apoptosis in epithelial cells of OLP.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Thirty human OLP specimens and 11 normal controls were stained by immunohistochemistry to detect the levels of proliferation and Gln metabolism related proteins. Then, the critical role of Gln in cell proliferation and apoptosis was determined by Gln deprivation or treatment with glutaminase inhibitor (CB\u2010839) to intervene Gln metabolism in human gingival epithelial cells. Cell proliferation was detected using CCK8, p\u2010mTOR and p\u2010S6 proteins were detected using Western Blot, cell apoptosis and cell cycle were detected using flow cytometry, and cell stress was detected using immunofluorescence.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Compared with normal controls, OLP specimens showed higher levels of Ki\u201067 and Gln metabolism\u2010related proteins, including Gln transporter (ASCT2), glutaminase (GLS), and pathway proteins (p\u2010mTOR and p\u2010S6). In vitro, Gln promoted cell proliferation and simultaneously upregulated the activity of mTOR\/S6 pathway. Moreover, rapamycin, an mTOR pathway inhibitor, could effectively block the Gln\u2010induced cell proliferation. MHY1485, an mTOR pathway agonist, could effectively reverse the decline of cell proliferation under Gln deprivation. In addition, inhibiting Gln metabolism caused the accumulation of intracellular radical oxygen species (ROS) and induced cell apoptosis. However, N\u2010acetylcysteine reversed this state and then decreased cell apoptosis by eliminating intracellular ROS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Gln metabolism is essential to maintain the balance of proliferation and apoptosis in oral epithelial cells, and inhibition of Gln metabolism may have a beneficial effect on OLP treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jop.13391","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,2]],"date-time":"2022-12-02T10:31:11Z","timestamp":1669977071000},"page":"150-160","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Glutamine promotes the proliferation of epithelial cells via\n                    <scp>mTOR<\/scp>\n                    \/\n                    <scp>S6<\/scp>\n                    pathway in oral lichen planus"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"Jiaqi","family":"Hu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology Sun Yat\u2010sen University  Guangzhou China"},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zihang","family":"Ling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology Sun Yat\u2010sen University  Guangzhou China"},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology Sun Yat\u2010sen University  Guangzhou China"},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology  Guangzhou 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